Atmospheric Pressure|Wind
a) Force exerted by air on Earth’s surface ✅
b) Weight of water
c) Force of gravity
d) Heat energy
Explanation: Atmospheric pressure is the force per unit area exerted by air.
2. What instrument measures atmospheric pressure?
a) Barometer ✅
b) Hygrometer
c) Rain gauge
d) Thermometer
Explanation: Barometer is used to measure air pressure.
3. Who invented the mercury barometer?
a) Torricelli ✅
b) Galileo
c) Newton
d) Pascal
Explanation: Evangelista Torricelli invented the mercury barometer in 1643.
4. What is the unit of atmospheric pressure?
a) Millibar ✅
b) Celsius
c) Newton
d) Joule
Explanation: Atmospheric pressure is commonly measured in millibars (mb).
5. What is the average sea-level pressure?
a) 1013 mb ✅
b) 100 mb
c) 500 mb
d) 2000 mb
Explanation: Standard sea-level pressure is 1013 millibars.
6. What is the SI unit of pressure?
a) Pascal ✅
b) Millibar
c) Newton
d) Joule
Explanation: Pressure is measured in Pascals (Pa) in SI units.
7. What is 1 atmosphere equal to?
a) 1013 mb ✅
b) 100 mb
c) 500 mb
d) 2000 mb
Explanation: 1 atmosphere = 1013 millibars = 101,325 Pascals.
8. What is the pressure at the top of Mount Everest?
a) ~300 mb ✅
b) 1013 mb
c) 500 mb
d) 2000 mb
Explanation: Pressure decreases with altitude; Everest has ~300 mb.
9. What is the pressure trend with altitude?
a) Decreases ✅
b) Increases
c) Constant
d) Irregular
Explanation: Atmospheric pressure decreases as altitude increases.
10. What is the pressure trend with temperature?
a) Decreases ✅
b) Increases
c) Constant
d) Irregular
Explanation: Warm air is lighter, so pressure decreases.
11. What is the pressure trend with cold air?
a) Increases ✅
b) Decreases
c) Constant
d) Irregular
Explanation: Cold air is denser, so pressure increases.
12. What is the pressure trend with humidity?
a) Decreases ✅
b) Increases
c) Constant
d) Irregular
Explanation: Moist air is lighter, so pressure decreases.
13. What is the pressure belt at the equator called?
a) Equatorial low ✅
b) Subtropical high
c) Polar high
d) Subpolar low
Explanation: Rising warm air creates equatorial low pressure.
14. What is the pressure belt at 30° latitude called?
a) Subtropical high ✅
b) Equatorial low
c) Polar high
d) Subpolar low
Explanation: Descending air creates subtropical high pressure.
15. What is the pressure belt at 60° latitude called?
a) Subpolar low ✅
b) Equatorial low
c) Polar high
d) Subtropical high
Explanation: Converging winds create subpolar low pressure.
16. What is the pressure belt at the poles called?
a) Polar high ✅
b) Equatorial low
c) Subpolar low
d) Subtropical high
Explanation: Cold dense air creates polar high pressure.
17. What is the instrument used in aircraft to measure pressure?
a) Altimeter ✅
b) Barometer
c) Hygrometer
d) Rain gauge
Explanation: Altimeter measures altitude using air pressure.
18. What is the instrument used to measure pressure without liquid?
a) Aneroid barometer ✅
b) Mercury barometer
c) Hygrometer
d) Rain gauge
Explanation: Aneroid barometer uses a metal chamber instead of liquid.
19. What is the pressure system associated with clear skies?
a) High pressure ✅
b) Low pressure
c) Equatorial low
d) Subpolar low
Explanation: High pressure systems bring clear skies.
20. What is the pressure system associated with clouds and rain?
a) Low pressure ✅
b) High pressure
c) Polar high
d) Subtropical high
Explanation: Low pressure systems bring clouds and rain.
21. What is the pressure system associated with cyclones?
a) Low pressure ✅
b) High pressure
c) Polar high
d) Subtropical high
Explanation: Cyclones form in low pressure areas.
22. What is the pressure system associated with anticyclones?
a) High pressure ✅
b) Low pressure
c) Polar high
d) Subtropical high
Explanation: Anticyclones form in high pressure areas.
23. What is the pressure system at the equator called?
a) Doldrums ✅
b) Horse latitudes
c) Polar front
d) Westerlies
Explanation: Doldrums are calm equatorial low pressure zones.
24. What is the pressure system at 30° latitude called?
a) Horse latitudes ✅
b) Doldrums
c) Polar front
d) Westerlies
Explanation: Horse latitudes are calm subtropical high pressure zones.
25. What is the pressure system at 60° latitude called?
a) Polar front ✅
b) Doldrums
c) Horse latitudes
d) Westerlies
Explanation: Polar front is the convergence zone at 60° latitude.
26. Which winds blow from subtropical highs to equatorial lows?
a) Trade winds ✅
b) Westerlies
c) Polar easterlies
d) Monsoons
Explanation: Trade winds blow steadily toward the equator.
27. Which winds blow from subtropical highs to subpolar lows?
a) Westerlies ✅
b) Trade winds
c) Polar easterlies
d) Monsoons
Explanation: Westerlies dominate mid-latitudes.
28. Which winds blow from polar highs to subpolar lows?
a) Polar easterlies ✅
b) Westerlies
c) Trade winds
d) Monsoons
Explanation: Polar easterlies dominate polar regions.
29. Which winds converge at the equator?
a) Trade winds ✅
b) Westerlies
c) Polar easterlies
d) Monsoons
Explanation: Trade winds from both hemispheres converge at the equator.
30. Which winds converge at the polar front?
a) Westerlies and polar easterlies ✅
b) Trade winds
c) Monsoons
d) Jet streams
Explanation: Westerlies meet polar easterlies at the polar front.
31. Which winds are seasonal and reverse direction?
a) Monsoons ✅
b) Trade winds
c) Westerlies
d) Polar easterlies
Explanation: Monsoons reverse direction with seasons.
32. Which winds are strongest at high altitudes?
a) Jet streams ✅
b) Trade winds
c) Westerlies
d) Monsoons
Explanation: Jet streams are fast winds in the upper atmosphere.
33. Which winds influence Indian agriculture most?
a) Monsoons ✅
b) Trade winds
c) Westerlies
d) Polar easterlies
Explanation: Indian agriculture depends heavily on monsoon rainfall.
34. Which winds influence European climate most?
a) Westerlies ✅
b) Trade winds
c) Monsoons
d) Polar easterlies
Explanation: Westerlies bring rainfall to Europe.
35. Which winds influence desert climates?
a) Trade winds ✅
b) Westerlies
c) Monsoons
d) Polar easterlies
Explanation: Trade winds create arid conditions in subtropical deserts.
36. Which winds influence polar climates?
a) Polar easterlies ✅
b) Westerlies
c) Trade winds
d) Monsoons
Explanation: Polar easterlies dominate polar climates.
37. Which calm belt lies near the equator?
a) Doldrums ✅
b) Horse latitudes
c) Polar front
d) Westerlies
Explanation: Doldrums are calm equatorial regions.
38. Which calm belt lies near 30° latitude?
a) Horse latitudes ✅
b) Doldrums
c) Polar front
d) Westerlies
Explanation: Horse latitudes are calm subtropical regions.
39. Which winds are strongest in winter?
a) Monsoons ✅
b) Trade winds
c) Westerlies
d) Polar easterlies
Explanation: Winter monsoons blow strongly from land to sea.
40. Which winds are strongest in summer?
a) Monsoons ✅
b) Trade winds
c) Westerlies
d) Polar easterlies
Explanation: Summer monsoons bring heavy rainfall.
41. Which winds were historically used by sailors?
a) Trade winds ✅
b) Westerlies
c) Monsoons
d) Polar easterlies
Explanation: Trade winds were reliable for sailing routes.
42. Which winds are used by aircraft for speed?
a) Jet streams ✅
b) Trade winds
c) Westerlies
d) Monsoons
Explanation: Aircraft use jet streams to save fuel and time.
43. Which winds are deflected by Earth’s rotation?
a) Coriolis effect ✅
b) Trade winds
c) Westerlies
d) Monsoons
Explanation: Earth’s rotation deflects winds via Coriolis effect.
44. Which winds blow from northeast in Northern Hemisphere?
a) Trade winds ✅
b) Westerlies
c) Polar easterlies
d) Monsoons
Explanation: Northeast trade winds blow toward the equator.
45. Which winds blow from southeast in Southern Hemisphere?
a) Trade winds ✅
b) Westerlies
c) Polar easterlies
d) Monsoons
Explanation: Southeast trade winds blow toward the equator.
46. Which winds are strongest near the tropopause?
a) Jet streams ✅
b) Trade winds
c) Westerlies
d) Monsoons
Explanation: Jet streams occur near the tropopause.
47. Which winds are responsible for cyclones in tropics?
a) Trade winds ✅
b) Westerlies
c) Polar easterlies
d) Monsoons
Explanation: Trade winds influence tropical cyclone formation.
48. Which winds dominate mid-latitude depressions?
a) Westerlies ✅
b) Trade winds
c) Polar easterlies
d) Monsoons
Explanation: Westerlies dominate temperate depressions.
49. Which winds dominate polar regions?
a) Polar easterlies ✅
b) Westerlies
c) Trade winds
d) Monsoons
Explanation: Polar easterlies dominate polar regions.
50. Which winds dominate subtropical deserts?
a) Trade winds ✅
b) Westerlies
c) Polar easterlies
d) Monsoons
Explanation: Trade winds create arid subtropical desert climates.
51. Which wind blows from land to sea at night?
a) Land breeze ✅
b) Sea breeze
c) Valley breeze
d) Mountain breeze
Explanation: At night, land cools faster than sea, creating land breeze.
52. Which wind blows from sea to land during the day?
a) Sea breeze ✅
b) Land breeze
c) Valley breeze
d) Mountain breeze
Explanation: During the day, land heats faster, drawing sea breeze inland.
53. Which wind blows upslope during the day?
a) Valley breeze ✅
b) Mountain breeze
c) Land breeze
d) Sea breeze
Explanation: Warm air rises along slopes, creating valley breeze.
54. Which wind blows downslope at night?
a) Mountain breeze ✅
b) Valley breeze
c) Land breeze
d) Sea breeze
Explanation: Cool air descends slopes at night, forming mountain breeze.
55. Which warm, dry wind blows down the Rockies?
a) Chinook ✅
b) Mistral
c) Loo
d) Harmattan
Explanation: Chinook winds are warm, dry winds descending the Rockies.
56. Which cold, dry wind blows in France?
a) Mistral ✅
b) Chinook
c) Loo
d) Harmattan
Explanation: Mistral is a cold wind blowing in southern France.
57. Which hot, dry wind blows in North India?
a) Loo ✅
b) Chinook
c) Mistral
d) Harmattan
Explanation: Loo is a hot, dry wind in North India during summer.
58. Which dry, dusty wind blows in West Africa?
a) Harmattan ✅
b) Chinook
c) Mistral
d) Loo
Explanation: Harmattan is a dry wind from Sahara toward West Africa.
59. Which hot, dry wind blows in Spain?
a) Sirocco ✅
b) Chinook
c) Mistral
d) Loo
Explanation: Sirocco is a hot wind from Sahara affecting Spain and Mediterranean.
60. Which hot, dry wind blows in Italy?
a) Sirocco ✅
b) Chinook
c) Mistral
d) Harmattan
Explanation: Sirocco also affects Italy with hot, dusty air.
61. Which hot, dry wind blows in Egypt?
a) Khamsin ✅
b) Chinook
c) Mistral
d) Harmattan
Explanation: Khamsin is a hot, dry wind in Egypt during spring.
62. Which hot, dry wind blows in Australia?
a) Brickfielder ✅
b) Chinook
c) Mistral
d) Harmattan
Explanation: Brickfielder is a hot, dry wind in Australia.
63. Which hot, dry wind blows in Argentina?
a) Zonda ✅
b) Chinook
c) Mistral
d) Harmattan
Explanation: Zonda is a hot, dry wind in Argentina.
64. Which hot, dry wind blows in South Africa?
a) Berg wind ✅
b) Chinook
c) Mistral
d) Harmattan
Explanation: Berg wind is a hot, dry wind in South Africa.
65. Which cold wind blows in Siberia?
a) Buran ✅
b) Chinook
c) Mistral
d) Harmattan
Explanation: Buran is a cold wind in Siberia.
66. Which cold wind blows in Central Asia?
a) Bora ✅
b) Chinook
c) Mistral
d) Harmattan
Explanation: Bora is a cold wind in Central Asia and Adriatic coast.
67. Which cold wind blows in Canada?
a) Blizzard ✅
b) Chinook
c) Mistral
d) Harmattan
Explanation: Blizzard is a snowstorm with strong winds in Canada.
68. Which cold wind blows in Japan?
a) Yamase ✅
b) Chinook
c) Mistral
d) Harmattan
Explanation: Yamase is a cold wind in Japan affecting crops.
69. Which cold wind blows in Greenland?
a) Piteraq ✅
b) Chinook
c) Mistral
d) Harmattan
Explanation: Piteraq is a cold wind in Greenland.
70. Which cold wind blows in Antarctica?
a) Katabatic wind ✅
b) Chinook
c) Mistral
d) Harmattan
Explanation: Katabatic winds descend from ice sheets in Antarctica.
71. Which wind is known as “snow eater”?
a) Chinook ✅
b) Mistral
c) Loo
d) Harmattan
Explanation: Chinook melts snow rapidly, hence called snow eater.
72. Which wind is known as “black wind” in Sahara?
a) Sirocco ✅
b) Khamsin
c) Harmattan
d) Bora
Explanation: Sirocco carries dust, called black wind in Sahara.
73. Which wind is known as “red wind” in Egypt?
a) Khamsin ✅
b) Sirocco
c) Harmattan
d) Bora
Explanation: Khamsin carries red dust, hence called red wind.
74. Which wind is known as “dust devil”?
a) Local whirlwind ✅
b) Chinook
c) Mistral
d) Harmattan
Explanation: Dust devils are small whirlwinds lifting dust.
75. Which wind is known as “nor’easter” in USA?
a) Cold coastal storm ✅
b) Chinook
c) Mistral
d) Harmattan
Explanation: Nor’easter is a cold storm along USA’s east coast.
76. What is a cyclone?
a) Low-pressure system ✅
b) High-pressure system
c) Equatorial calm
d) Polar front
Explanation: Cyclones form in low-pressure areas with rising air.
77. What is an anticyclone?
a) High-pressure system ✅
b) Low-pressure system
c) Equatorial calm
d) Polar front
Explanation: Anticyclones form in high-pressure areas with descending air.
78. Which cyclone occurs in tropics?
a) Tropical cyclone ✅
b) Temperate cyclone
c) Tornado
d) Anticyclone
Explanation: Tropical cyclones form over warm tropical oceans.
79. Which cyclone occurs in mid-latitudes?
a) Temperate cyclone ✅
b) Tropical cyclone
c) Tornado
d) Anticyclone
Explanation: Temperate cyclones form in mid-latitudes along polar front.
80. Which cyclone is also called hurricane in Atlantic?
a) Tropical cyclone ✅
b) Temperate cyclone
c) Tornado
d) Anticyclone
Explanation: Tropical cyclones in Atlantic are called hurricanes.
81. Which cyclone is also called typhoon in Pacific?
a) Tropical cyclone ✅
b) Temperate cyclone
c) Tornado
d) Anticyclone
Explanation: Tropical cyclones in Pacific are called typhoons.
82. Which cyclone is also called willy-willy in Australia?
a) Tropical cyclone ✅
b) Temperate cyclone
c) Tornado
d) Anticyclone
Explanation: Tropical cyclones in Australia are called willy-willy.
83. Which cyclone is also called bagyo in Philippines?
a) Tropical cyclone ✅
b) Temperate cyclone
c) Tornado
d) Anticyclone
Explanation: Tropical cyclones in Philippines are called bagyo.
84. Which cyclone is also called tornado in USA?
a) Small violent storm ✅
b) Tropical cyclone
c) Temperate cyclone
d) Anticyclone
Explanation: Tornadoes are small, violent rotating storms.
85. Which cyclone is also called twister?
a) Tornado ✅
b) Tropical cyclone
c) Temperate cyclone
d) Anticyclone
Explanation: Tornadoes are also called twisters.
86. Which cyclone is also called dust devil?
a) Local whirlwind ✅
b) Tropical cyclone
c) Temperate cyclone
d) Anticyclone
Explanation: Dust devils are small whirlwinds lifting dust.
87. Which cyclone is also called nor’easter in USA?
a) Temperate cyclone ✅
b) Tropical cyclone
c) Tornado
d) Anticyclone
Explanation: Nor’easter is a temperate cyclone along USA’s east coast.
88. Which cyclone is also called blizzard in Canada?
a) Snowstorm ✅
b) Tropical cyclone
c) Temperate cyclone
d) Anticyclone
Explanation: Blizzard is a snowstorm with strong winds.
89. Which cyclone is also called typhoon Haiyan in 2013?
a) Tropical cyclone ✅
b) Temperate cyclone
c) Tornado
d) Anticyclone
Explanation: Typhoon Haiyan was a tropical cyclone in Philippines.
90. Which cyclone is also called hurricane Katrina in 2005?
a) Tropical cyclone ✅
b) Temperate cyclone
c) Tornado
d) Anticyclone
Explanation: Hurricane Katrina was a tropical cyclone in USA.
91. Which cyclone is also called cyclone Fani in India?
a) Tropical cyclone ✅
b) Temperate cyclone
c) Tornado
d) Anticyclone
Explanation: Cyclone Fani was a tropical cyclone in Bay of Bengal.
92. Which cyclone is also called cyclone Sidr in Bangladesh?
a) Tropical cyclone ✅
b) Temperate cyclone
c) Tornado
d) Anticyclone
Explanation: Cyclone Sidr was a tropical cyclone in Bay of Bengal.
93. Which cyclone is also called cyclone Nargis in Myanmar?
a) Tropical cyclone ✅
b) Temperate cyclone
c) Tornado
d) Anticyclone
Explanation: Cyclone Nargis was a tropical cyclone in Bay of Bengal.
94. Which cyclone is also called cyclone Idai in Africa?
a) Tropical cyclone ✅
b) Temperate cyclone
c) Tornado
d) Anticyclone
Explanation: Cyclone Idai struck Mozambique in 2019.
95. Which cyclone is also called cyclone Gonu in Oman?
a) Tropical cyclone ✅
b) Temperate cyclone
c) Tornado
d) Anticyclone
Explanation: Cyclone Gonu struck Oman in 2007.
96. Which cyclone is also called cyclone Tracy in Australia?
a) Tropical cyclone ✅
b) Temperate cyclone
c) Tornado
d) Anticyclone
Explanation: Cyclone Tracy struck Darwin in 1974.
97. Which cyclone is also called cyclone Bhola in Bangladesh?
a) Tropical cyclone ✅
b) Temperate cyclone
c) Tornado
d) Anticyclone
Explanation: Cyclone Bhola struck Bangladesh in 1970.
98. Which cyclone is also called cyclone Amphan in India?
a) Tropical cyclone ✅
b) Temperate cyclone
c) Tornado
d) Anticyclone
Explanation: Cyclone Amphan struck Bay of Bengal in 2020.
99. Which cyclone is also called cyclone Yaas in India?
a) Tropical cyclone ✅
b) Temperate cyclone
c) Tornado
d) Anticyclone
Explanation: Cyclone Yaas struck Bay of Bengal in 2021.
100. Which cyclone is also called cyclone Tauktae in India?
a) Tropical cyclone ✅
b) Temperate cyclone
c) Tornado
d) Anticyclone
Explanation: Cyclone Tauktae struck Arabian Sea in 2021.
101. What are jet streams?
a) Fast winds in upper atmosphere ✅
b) Slow winds near surface
c) Local winds
d) Sea breezes
Explanation: Jet streams are high‑speed winds near the tropopause.
102. Where are jet streams strongest?
a) Tropopause ✅
b) Stratosphere
c) Mesosphere
d) Troposphere base
Explanation: Jet streams occur near the tropopause boundary.
103. Which jet stream influences Indian monsoon?
a) Tropical easterly jet ✅
b) Polar jet
c) Subtropical jet
d) Westerly jet
Explanation: Tropical easterly jet affects Indian summer monsoon.
104. Which jet stream influences temperate cyclones?
a) Polar front jet ✅
b) Tropical easterly jet
c) Subtropical jet
d) Westerly jet
Explanation: Polar front jet drives temperate cyclone development.
105. Which jet stream influences winter weather in USA?
a) Polar jet ✅
b) Tropical easterly jet
c) Subtropical jet
d) Westerly jet
Explanation: Polar jet influences winter storms in USA.
106. Which jet stream influences subtropical regions?
a) Subtropical jet ✅
b) Polar jet
c) Tropical easterly jet
d) Westerly jet
Explanation: Subtropical jet dominates subtropical latitudes.
107. What causes jet streams?
a) Temperature gradient ✅
b) Earth’s rotation only
c) Ocean currents
d) Mountains
Explanation: Jet streams form due to sharp temperature differences.
108. What is monsoon?
a) Seasonal reversal of winds ✅
b) Local wind
c) Jet stream
d) Cyclone
Explanation: Monsoon is a seasonal reversal of wind direction.
109. Which monsoon brings rainfall to India?
a) Southwest monsoon ✅
b) Northeast monsoon
c) Polar winds
d) Westerlies
Explanation: Southwest monsoon brings heavy rainfall to India.
110. Which monsoon brings dry winds to India?
a) Northeast monsoon ✅
b) Southwest monsoon
c) Polar winds
d) Westerlies
Explanation: Northeast monsoon brings dry continental winds.
111. Which monsoon affects Tamil Nadu rainfall?
a) Northeast monsoon ✅
b) Southwest monsoon
c) Polar winds
d) Westerlies
Explanation: Tamil Nadu receives rainfall from northeast monsoon.
112. Which monsoon affects Kerala rainfall?
a) Southwest monsoon ✅
b) Northeast monsoon
c) Polar winds
d) Westerlies
Explanation: Kerala receives rainfall from southwest monsoon.
113. Which monsoon affects Bangladesh rainfall?
a) Southwest monsoon ✅
b) Northeast monsoon
c) Polar winds
d) Westerlies
Explanation: Bangladesh receives rainfall from southwest monsoon.
114. Which monsoon affects Sri Lanka rainfall?
a) Southwest monsoon ✅
b) Northeast monsoon
c) Polar winds
d) Westerlies
Explanation: Sri Lanka receives rainfall from southwest monsoon.
115. Which monsoon affects Pakistan rainfall?
a) Southwest monsoon ✅
b) Northeast monsoon
c) Polar winds
d) Westerlies
Explanation: Pakistan receives rainfall from southwest monsoon.
116. Which monsoon affects Myanmar rainfall?
a) Southwest monsoon ✅
b) Northeast monsoon
c) Polar winds
d) Westerlies
Explanation: Myanmar receives rainfall from southwest monsoon.
117. Which monsoon affects Vietnam rainfall?
a) Southwest monsoon ✅
b) Northeast monsoon
c) Polar winds
d) Westerlies
Explanation: Vietnam receives rainfall from southwest monsoon.
118. Which monsoon affects Philippines rainfall?
a) Southwest monsoon ✅
b) Northeast monsoon
c) Polar winds
d) Westerlies
Explanation: Philippines receives rainfall from southwest monsoon.
119. Which monsoon affects Indonesia rainfall?
a) Southwest monsoon ✅
b) Northeast monsoon
c) Polar winds
d) Westerlies
Explanation: Indonesia receives rainfall from southwest monsoon.
120. Which monsoon affects Japan rainfall?
a) Northeast monsoon ✅
b) Southwest monsoon
c) Polar winds
d) Westerlies
Explanation: Japan receives rainfall from northeast monsoon.
121. Which cell dominates tropical circulation?
a) Hadley cell ✅
b) Ferrel cell
c) Polar cell
d) Walker cell
Explanation: Hadley cell circulates air between equator and subtropics.
122. Which cell dominates mid‑latitude circulation?
a) Ferrel cell ✅
b) Hadley cell
c) Polar cell
d) Walker cell
Explanation: Ferrel cell circulates air between subtropics and subpolar regions.
123. Which cell dominates polar circulation?
a) Polar cell ✅
b) Hadley cell
c) Ferrel cell
d) Walker cell
Explanation: Polar cell circulates air between poles and subpolar regions.
124. Which circulation explains trade winds?
a) Hadley cell ✅
b) Ferrel cell
c) Polar cell
d) Walker cell
Explanation: Hadley cell generates trade winds near the equator.
125. Which circulation explains westerlies?
a) Ferrel cell ✅
b) Hadley cell
c) Polar cell
d) Walker cell
Explanation: Ferrel cell generates westerlies in mid‑latitudes.
126. What is a tornado?
a) Small, violent rotating storm ✅
b) Large tropical cyclone
c) Temperate cyclone
d) Anticyclone
Explanation: Tornadoes are intense, small‑scale rotating storms.
127. What is the shape of a tornado?
a) Funnel ✅
b) Dome
c) Sphere
d) Column
Explanation: Tornadoes appear as funnel‑shaped clouds.
128. What is the speed of tornado winds?
a) 300 km/h or more ✅
b) 50 km/h
c) 100 km/h
d) 150 km/h
Explanation: Tornado winds can exceed 300 km/h.
129. What is a hurricane?
a) Tropical cyclone in Atlantic ✅
b) Temperate cyclone
c) Tornado
d) Anticyclone
Explanation: Hurricanes are tropical cyclones in Atlantic Ocean.
130. What is a typhoon?
a) Tropical cyclone in Pacific ✅
b) Temperate cyclone
c) Tornado
d) Anticyclone
Explanation: Typhoons are tropical cyclones in Pacific Ocean.
131. What is a willy‑willy?
a) Tropical cyclone in Australia ✅
b) Tornado in USA
c) Temperate cyclone in Europe
d) Anticyclone in Africa
Explanation: Willy‑willy is a tropical cyclone in Australia.
132. What is a bagyo?
a) Tropical cyclone in Philippines ✅
b) Tornado in USA
c) Temperate cyclone in Europe
d) Anticyclone in Africa
Explanation: Bagyo is a tropical cyclone in Philippines.
133. What is the eye of a cyclone?
a) Calm center ✅
b) Violent outer ring
c) Funnel cloud
d) Jet stream
Explanation: The eye is the calm center of a cyclone.
134. What surrounds the eye of a cyclone?
a) Eyewall ✅
b) Jet stream
c) Polar front
d) Doldrums
Explanation: Eyewall has strongest winds and rainfall.
135. What scale measures hurricane intensity?
a) Saffir‑Simpson scale ✅
b) Richter scale
c) Beaufort scale
d) Fujita scale
Explanation: Saffir‑Simpson scale measures hurricane strength.
136. What scale measures tornado intensity?
a) Fujita scale ✅
b) Saffir‑Simpson scale
c) Beaufort scale
d) Richter scale
Explanation: Fujita scale measures tornado strength.
137. What scale measures wind force at sea?
a) Beaufort scale ✅
b) Fujita scale
c) Saffir‑Simpson scale
d) Richter scale
Explanation: Beaufort scale measures wind force at sea.
138. Which cyclone struck USA in 2005?
a) Hurricane Katrina ✅
b) Typhoon Haiyan
c) Cyclone Amphan
d) Tornado Bhola
Explanation: Hurricane Katrina devastated USA in 2005.
139. Which cyclone struck Philippines in 2013?
a) Typhoon Haiyan ✅
b) Hurricane Katrina
c) Cyclone Amphan
d) Tornado Bhola
Explanation: Typhoon Haiyan devastated Philippines in 2013.
140. Which cyclone struck India in 2020?
a) Cyclone Amphan ✅
b) Hurricane Katrina
c) Typhoon Haiyan
d) Tornado Bhola
Explanation: Cyclone Amphan struck Bay of Bengal in 2020.
141. Which cyclone struck Bangladesh in 1970?
a) Cyclone Bhola ✅
b) Hurricane Katrina
c) Typhoon Haiyan
d) Cyclone Amphan
Explanation: Cyclone Bhola was one of the deadliest cyclones.
142. Which cyclone struck Mozambique in 2019?
a) Cyclone Idai ✅
b) Hurricane Katrina
c) Typhoon Haiyan
d) Cyclone Amphan
Explanation: Cyclone Idai struck Mozambique in 2019.
143. Which cyclone struck Oman in 2007?
a) Cyclone Gonu ✅
b) Hurricane Katrina
c) Typhoon Haiyan
d) Cyclone Amphan
Explanation: Cyclone Gonu struck Oman in 2007.
144. Which cyclone struck Darwin in 1974?
a) Cyclone Tracy ✅
b) Hurricane Katrina
c) Typhoon Haiyan
d) Cyclone Amphan
Explanation: Cyclone Tracy struck Darwin, Australia in 1974.
145. Which cyclone struck Arabian Sea in 2021?
a) Cyclone Tauktae ✅
b) Hurricane Katrina
c) Typhoon Haiyan
d) Cyclone Amphan
Explanation: Cyclone Tauktae struck Arabian Sea in 2021.
146. Which cyclone struck Bay of Bengal in 2021?
a) Cyclone Yaas ✅
b) Hurricane Katrina
c) Typhoon Haiyan
d) Cyclone Amphan
Explanation: Cyclone Yaas struck Bay of Bengal in 2021.
147. Which cyclone struck Bay of Bengal in 2007?
a) Cyclone Sidr ✅
b) Hurricane Katrina
c) Typhoon Haiyan
d) Cyclone Amphan
Explanation: Cyclone Sidr struck Bangladesh in 2007.
148. Which cyclone struck Myanmar in 2008?
a) Cyclone Nargis ✅
b) Hurricane Katrina
c) Typhoon Haiyan
d) Cyclone Amphan
Explanation: Cyclone Nargis struck Myanmar in 2008.
149. Which cyclone struck Bay of Bengal in 2019?
a) Cyclone Fani ✅
b) Hurricane Katrina
c) Typhoon Haiyan
d) Cyclone Amphan
Explanation: Cyclone Fani struck India in 2019.
150. Which cyclone struck Bay of Bengal in 2022?
a) Cyclone Asani ✅
b) Hurricane Katrina
c) Typhoon Haiyan
d) Cyclone Amphan
Explanation: Cyclone Asani struck Bay of Bengal in 2022.
151. Which instrument measures atmospheric pressure?
a) Barometer ✅
b) Hygrometer
c) Rain gauge
d) Thermometer
Explanation: Barometer is the standard instrument for pressure.
152. Which instrument measures altitude using pressure?
a) Altimeter ✅
b) Barometer
c) Hygrometer
d) Rain gauge
Explanation: Altimeter calculates altitude from air pressure.
153. Which instrument measures pressure without liquid?
a) Aneroid barometer ✅
b) Mercury barometer
c) Hygrometer
d) Rain gauge
Explanation: Aneroid barometer uses a metal chamber instead of mercury.
154. Which instrument measures wind speed?
a) Anemometer ✅
b) Barometer
c) Hygrometer
d) Rain gauge
Explanation: Anemometer records wind velocity.
155. Which instrument measures wind direction?
a) Wind vane ✅
b) Barometer
c) Hygrometer
d) Rain gauge
Explanation: Wind vane shows wind direction.
156. Which instrument measures humidity?
a) Hygrometer ✅
b) Barometer
c) Rain gauge
d) Thermometer
Explanation: Hygrometer measures moisture content in air.
157. Which instrument measures rainfall?
a) Rain gauge ✅
b) Barometer
c) Hygrometer
d) Thermometer
Explanation: Rain gauge records precipitation.
158. Which instrument measures sunshine duration?
a) Campbell‑Stokes recorder ✅
b) Barometer
c) Hygrometer
d) Rain gauge
Explanation: Campbell‑Stokes recorder measures hours of sunshine.
159. Which instrument measures solar radiation?
a) Pyranometer ✅
b) Barometer
c) Hygrometer
d) Rain gauge
Explanation: Pyranometer measures solar radiation intensity.
160. Which instrument measures evaporation?
a) Atmometer ✅
b) Barometer
c) Hygrometer
d) Rain gauge
Explanation: Atmometer measures evaporation rates.
161. Which instrument measures cloud height?
a) Ceilometer ✅
b) Barometer
c) Hygrometer
d) Rain gauge
Explanation: Ceilometer measures cloud base altitude.
162. Which instrument measures upper air conditions?
a) Radiosonde ✅
b) Barometer
c) Hygrometer
d) Rain gauge
Explanation: Radiosonde records temperature, pressure, humidity aloft.
163. Which instrument measures visibility?
a) Transmissometer ✅
b) Barometer
c) Hygrometer
d) Rain gauge
Explanation: Transmissometer measures atmospheric visibility.
164. Which instrument measures ozone concentration?
a) Dobson spectrophotometer ✅
b) Barometer
c) Hygrometer
d) Rain gauge
Explanation: Dobson spectrophotometer measures ozone levels.
165. Which instrument measures greenhouse gases?
a) Infrared gas analyzer ✅
b) Barometer
c) Hygrometer
d) Rain gauge
Explanation: Infrared gas analyzer detects CO₂ and methane.
166. Which instrument measures atmospheric particles?
a) Nephelometer ✅
b) Barometer
c) Hygrometer
d) Rain gauge
Explanation: Nephelometer measures aerosols and fog density.
167. Which instrument measures turbulence?
a) Sonic anemometer ✅
b) Barometer
c) Hygrometer
d) Rain gauge
Explanation: Sonic anemometer measures turbulence and wind fluctuations.
168. Which instrument measures dew point?
a) Dew point hygrometer ✅
b) Barometer
c) Rain gauge
d) Thermometer
Explanation: Dew point hygrometer measures dew point temperature.
169. Which instrument measures atmospheric electricity?
a) Electrometer ✅
b) Barometer
c) Hygrometer
d) Rain gauge
Explanation: Electrometer measures electrical charges in atmosphere.
170. Which factor is most important for weather forecasting?
a) Pressure changes ✅
b) Earthquakes
c) Volcanoes
d) Tides
Explanation: Pressure changes indicate upcoming weather systems.
171. Which factor affects aviation most?
a) Wind ✅
b) Rainfall
c) Earthquakes
d) Volcanoes
Explanation: Wind patterns affect flight routes and safety.
172. Which factor affects agriculture most?
a) Rainfall ✅
b) Wind
c) Earthquakes
d) Volcanoes
Explanation: Rainfall directly impacts crop growth.
173. Which factor affects shipping most?
a) Cyclones ✅
b) Rainfall
c) Earthquakes
d) Volcanoes
Explanation: Cyclones disrupt shipping routes.
174. Which factor affects communication most?
a) Ionosphere ✅
b) Troposphere
c) Stratosphere
d) Mesosphere
Explanation: Ionosphere reflects radio waves for communication.
175. Which factor affects forecasting accuracy most?
a) Satellite data ✅
b) Earthquakes
c) Volcanoes
d) Tides
Explanation: Satellite data improves forecasting accuracy.
176. Which cyclone was the deadliest in Bangladesh (1970)?
a) Cyclone Bhola ✅
b) Cyclone Sidr
c) Cyclone Amphan
d) Cyclone Fani
Explanation: Cyclone Bhola killed over 300,000 people in 1970.
177. Which cyclone struck Odisha in 1999?
a) Super Cyclone ✅
b) Cyclone Amphan
c) Cyclone Sidr
d) Cyclone Fani
Explanation: Odisha Super Cyclone was one of India’s worst disasters.
178. Which cyclone struck Bay of Bengal in 2020?
a) Cyclone Amphan ✅
b) Cyclone Sidr
c) Cyclone Bhola
d) Cyclone Fani
Explanation: Cyclone Amphan devastated India and Bangladesh in 2020.
179. Which cyclone struck Bay of Bengal in 2019?
a) Cyclone Fani ✅
b) Cyclone Amphan
c) Cyclone Sidr
d) Cyclone Bhola
Explanation: Cyclone Fani struck Odisha in 2019.
180. Which cyclone struck Bangladesh in 2007?
a) Cyclone Sidr ✅
b) Cyclone Bhola
c) Cyclone Amphan
d) Cyclone Fani
Explanation: Cyclone Sidr caused widespread damage in Bangladesh.
181. Which cyclone struck Myanmar in 2008?
a) Cyclone Nargis ✅
b) Cyclone Bhola
c) Cyclone Amphan
d) Cyclone Sidr
Explanation: Cyclone Nargis devastated Myanmar in 2008.
182. Which cyclone struck Arabian Sea in 2021?
a) Cyclone Tauktae ✅
b) Cyclone Amphan
c) Cyclone Sidr
d) Cyclone Bhola
Explanation: Cyclone Tauktae struck western India in 2021.
183. Which cyclone struck Bay of Bengal in 2021?
a) Cyclone Yaas ✅
b) Cyclone Amphan
c) Cyclone Sidr
d) Cyclone Bhola
Explanation: Cyclone Yaas struck Odisha and West Bengal in 2021.
184. Which cyclone struck Bay of Bengal in 2022?
a) Cyclone Asani ✅
b) Cyclone Amphan
c) Cyclone Sidr
d) Cyclone Bhola
Explanation: Cyclone Asani struck eastern India in 2022.
185. Which cyclone struck Mozambique in 2019?
a) Cyclone Idai ✅
b) Cyclone Amphan
c) Cyclone Sidr
d) Cyclone Bhola
Explanation: Cyclone Idai devastated Mozambique in 2019.
186. Which tornado outbreak struck USA in 2011?
a) Super Outbreak ✅
b) Dust Bowl
c) Hurricane Katrina
d) Cyclone Amphan
Explanation: The 2011 Super Outbreak was one of the largest tornado events.
187. Which tornado struck USA in 1925?
a) Tri‑State Tornado ✅
b) Super Outbreak
c) Hurricane Katrina
d) Cyclone Amphan
Explanation: Tri‑State Tornado was the deadliest in US history.
188. Which tornado struck Oklahoma in 1999?
a) Bridge Creek‑Moore Tornado ✅
b) Tri‑State Tornado
c) Super Outbreak
d) Cyclone Amphan
Explanation: Bridge Creek‑Moore Tornado had record wind speeds.
189. Which tornado struck Joplin in 2011?
a) Joplin Tornado ✅
b) Tri‑State Tornado
c) Super Outbreak
d) Cyclone Amphan
Explanation: Joplin Tornado killed over 150 people in Missouri.
190. Which smog event struck London in 1952?
a) Great Smog ✅
b) Dust Bowl
c) Super Outbreak
d) Cyclone Amphan
Explanation: Great Smog of London killed thousands in 1952.
191. Which smog event struck Los Angeles in 1940s?
a) Photochemical smog ✅
b) Great Smog
c) Dust Bowl
d) Super Outbreak
Explanation: LA suffered photochemical smog due to vehicle emissions.
192. Which drought event struck USA in 1930s?
a) Dust Bowl ✅
b) Great Smog
c) Super Outbreak
d) Cyclone Amphan
Explanation: Dust Bowl was a drought and dust storm disaster.
193. Which forecasting milestone began in 1950s?
a) Numerical weather prediction ✅
b) Satellite forecasting
c) Radar forecasting
d) Cloud seeding
Explanation: Numerical models began in 1950s for forecasting.
194. Which forecasting milestone began in 1960s?
a) Satellite forecasting ✅
b) Numerical forecasting
c) Radar forecasting
d) Cloud seeding
Explanation: Satellites revolutionized weather forecasting.
195. Which forecasting milestone began in 1940s?
a) Radar forecasting ✅
b) Satellite forecasting
c) Numerical forecasting
d) Cloud seeding
Explanation: Radar was first used in 1940s for weather detection.
196. Which forecasting milestone began in 1970s?
a) Supercomputers ✅
b) Radar forecasting
c) Satellite forecasting
d) Cloud seeding
Explanation: Supercomputers improved weather forecasting in 1970s.
197. Which forecasting milestone began in 1980s?
a) Climate models ✅
b) Radar forecasting
c) Satellite forecasting
d) Cloud seeding
Explanation: Climate models developed in 1980s for long‑term trends.
198. Which forecasting milestone began in 1990s?
a) Doppler radar ✅
b) Satellite forecasting
c) Numerical forecasting
d) Cloud seeding
Explanation: Doppler radar improved storm tracking in 1990s.
199. Which forecasting milestone began in 2000s?
a) Ensemble forecasting ✅
b) Satellite forecasting
c) Numerical forecasting
d) Cloud seeding
Explanation: Ensemble forecasting improved accuracy in 2000s.
200. Which forecasting milestone began in 2010s?
a) AI forecasting ✅
b) Satellite forecasting
c) Numerical forecasting
d) Cloud seeding
Explanation: Artificial intelligence began assisting forecasts in 2010s.
201. Which event weakens Indian monsoon rainfall?
a) El Niño ✅
b) La Niña
c) Polar vortex
d) Jet stream shift
Explanation: El Niño warms Pacific waters, reducing Indian monsoon rains.
202. Which event strengthens Indian monsoon rainfall?
a) La Niña ✅
b) El Niño
c) Polar vortex
d) Jet stream shift
Explanation: La Niña cools Pacific waters, enhancing Indian monsoon rains.
203. Which event caused drought in Australia in 1982–83?
a) El Niño ✅
b) La Niña
c) Polar vortex
d) Jet stream shift
Explanation: El Niño disrupted rainfall, causing severe drought.
204. Which event caused floods in Australia in 2010–11?
a) La Niña ✅
b) El Niño
c) Polar vortex
d) Jet stream shift
Explanation: La Niña increased rainfall, causing floods.
205. Which event caused drought in Africa in 1970s?
a) El Niño ✅
b) La Niña
c) Polar vortex
d) Jet stream shift
Explanation: El Niño disrupted African rainfall patterns.
206. Which event caused floods in South America in 1997–98?
a) El Niño ✅
b) La Niña
c) Polar vortex
d) Jet stream shift
Explanation: El Niño caused heavy rainfall in South America.
207. Which event caused cold winters in USA in 2013–14?
a) Polar vortex ✅
b) El Niño
c) La Niña
d) Jet stream shift
Explanation: Polar vortex brought extreme cold to USA.
208. Which event caused heatwaves in Europe in 2003?
a) Jet stream shift ✅
b) El Niño
c) La Niña
d) Polar vortex
Explanation: Jet stream shift caused prolonged European heatwaves.
209. Which event caused drought in California in 2012–16?
a) Jet stream shift ✅
b) El Niño
c) La Niña
d) Polar vortex
Explanation: Jet stream shift blocked rainfall in California.
210. Which event caused floods in Pakistan in 2010?
a) Monsoon intensification ✅
b) El Niño
c) La Niña
d) Polar vortex
Explanation: Strong monsoon rains caused Pakistan floods.
211. Which event caused drought in India in 2009?
a) El Niño ✅
b) La Niña
c) Polar vortex
d) Jet stream shift
Explanation: El Niño weakened Indian monsoon in 2009.
212. Which event caused floods in India in 2013?
a) Monsoon intensification ✅
b) El Niño
c) La Niña
d) Polar vortex
Explanation: Heavy monsoon rains caused Uttarakhand floods.
213. Which event caused drought in Brazil in 2014–15?
a) El Niño ✅
b) La Niña
c) Polar vortex
d) Jet stream shift
Explanation: El Niño reduced rainfall in Brazil.
214. Which event caused floods in Peru in 2017?
a) El Niño ✅
b) La Niña
c) Polar vortex
d) Jet stream shift
Explanation: El Niño caused torrential rains in Peru.
215. Which event caused drought in East Africa in 2011?
a) La Niña ✅
b) El Niño
c) Polar vortex
d) Jet stream shift
Explanation: La Niña reduced rainfall in East Africa.
216. Which event caused floods in East Africa in 1997–98?
a) El Niño ✅
b) La Niña
c) Polar vortex
d) Jet stream shift
Explanation: El Niño caused heavy rains in East Africa.
217. Which event caused drought in Indonesia in 2015?
a) El Niño ✅
b) La Niña
c) Polar vortex
d) Jet stream shift
Explanation: El Niño reduced rainfall in Indonesia.
218. Which event caused floods in Indonesia in 2010?
a) La Niña ✅
b) El Niño
c) Polar vortex
d) Jet stream shift
Explanation: La Niña increased rainfall in Indonesia.
219. Which event caused drought in Philippines in 1992?
a) El Niño ✅
b) La Niña
c) Polar vortex
d) Jet stream shift
Explanation: El Niño reduced rainfall in Philippines.
220. Which event caused floods in Philippines in 2010?
a) La Niña ✅
b) El Niño
c) Polar vortex
d) Jet stream shift
Explanation: La Niña increased rainfall in Philippines.
221. Which event caused drought in China in 1994?
a) El Niño ✅
b) La Niña
c) Polar vortex
d) Jet stream shift
Explanation: El Niño disrupted rainfall in China.
222. Which event caused floods in China in 1998?
a) El Niño ✅
b) La Niña
c) Polar vortex
d) Jet stream shift
Explanation: El Niño caused heavy floods in China.
223. Which event caused drought in Japan in 1994?
a) El Niño ✅
b) La Niña
c) Polar vortex
d) Jet stream shift
Explanation: El Niño reduced rainfall in Japan.
224. Which event caused floods in Japan in 2018?
a) Jet stream shift ✅
b) El Niño
c) La Niña
d) Polar vortex
Explanation: Jet stream shift caused torrential rains in Japan.
225. Which event caused drought in Sahel region in 1970s?
a) El Niño ✅
b) La Niña
c) Polar vortex
d) Jet stream shift
Explanation: El Niño disrupted rainfall, causing Sahel drought.
226. Which factor affects aviation safety most?
a) Wind shear ✅
b) Rainfall
c) Earthquakes
d) Volcanoes
Explanation: Sudden changes in wind speed/direction cause turbulence.
227. Which factor affects aircraft fuel efficiency?
a) Jet streams ✅
b) Rainfall
c) Earthquakes
d) Volcanoes
Explanation: Aircraft use jet streams to save fuel and time.
228. Which factor affects agriculture most?
a) Monsoon rainfall ✅
b) Jet streams
c) Earthquakes
d) Volcanoes
Explanation: Monsoon rainfall determines crop success in South Asia.
229. Which factor affects desert agriculture most?
a) Irrigation winds (loo) ✅
b) Jet streams
c) Earthquakes
d) Volcanoes
Explanation: Hot winds like loo damage crops in North India.
230. Which factor affects fishing most?
a) Monsoon winds ✅
b) Jet streams
c) Earthquakes
d) Volcanoes
Explanation: Monsoon winds influence fishing seasons.
231. Which factor affects shipping most?
a) Cyclones ✅
b) Jet streams
c) Earthquakes
d) Volcanoes
Explanation: Cyclones disrupt shipping routes and ports.
232. Which factor affects tourism most?
a) Climate winds ✅
b) Jet streams
c) Earthquakes
d) Volcanoes
Explanation: Climate and wind systems influence tourist activities.
233. Which factor affects wind energy most?
a) Wind speed ✅
b) Rainfall
c) Earthquakes
d) Volcanoes
Explanation: Wind turbines depend on wind velocity.
234. Which factor affects solar power most?
a) Sunshine duration ✅
b) Wind speed
c) Earthquakes
d) Volcanoes
Explanation: Solar power depends on hours of sunshine.
235. Which factor affects hydropower most?
a) Rainfall ✅
b) Wind speed
c) Earthquakes
d) Volcanoes
Explanation: Hydropower depends on rainfall and river flow.
236. Which factor affects communication most?
a) Ionosphere winds ✅
b) Jet streams
c) Earthquakes
d) Volcanoes
Explanation: Ionosphere reflects radio waves for communication.
237. Which factor affects forecasting most?
a) Pressure changes ✅
b) Earthquakes
c) Volcanoes
d) Tides
Explanation: Pressure variations are key to weather forecasting.
238. Which factor affects climate zones most?
a) Latitude ✅
b) Earthquakes
c) Volcanoes
d) Tides
Explanation: Latitude determines solar radiation and climate zones.
239. Which factor affects jet streams most?
a) Temperature gradient ✅
b) Earthquakes
c) Volcanoes
d) Tides
Explanation: Jet streams form due to temperature differences.
240. Which factor fuels cyclones most?
a) Warm ocean ✅
b) Earthquakes
c) Volcanoes
d) Tides
Explanation: Warm ocean waters fuel tropical cyclones.
241. Which factor causes droughts most?
a) Lack of rainfall ✅
b) Earthquakes
c) Volcanoes
d) Tides
Explanation: Droughts occur due to insufficient rainfall.
242. Which factor causes floods most?
a) Heavy rainfall ✅
b) Earthquakes
c) Volcanoes
d) Tides
Explanation: Floods occur due to excessive rainfall.
243. Which factor causes heat waves most?
a) High pressure ✅
b) Earthquakes
c) Volcanoes
d) Tides
Explanation: High pressure systems trap heat, causing heat waves.
244. Which factor causes cold waves most?
a) Polar winds ✅
b) Earthquakes
c) Volcanoes
d) Tides
Explanation: Polar winds bring extreme cold.
245. Which factor causes thunderstorms most?
a) Convection ✅
b) Earthquakes
c) Volcanoes
d) Tides
Explanation: Rising warm air causes thunderstorms.
246. Which factor causes hailstorms most?
a) Strong updrafts ✅
b) Earthquakes
c) Volcanoes
d) Tides
Explanation: Strong updrafts in clouds form hailstones.
247. Which factor causes blizzards most?
a) Polar winds ✅
b) Earthquakes
c) Volcanoes
d) Tides
Explanation: Polar winds with snow cause blizzards.
248. Which factor causes sandstorms most?
a) Strong desert winds ✅
b) Earthquakes
c) Volcanoes
d) Tides
Explanation: Strong winds lift sand in deserts.
249. Which factor causes dust storms most?
a) Strong winds ✅
b) Earthquakes
c) Volcanoes
d) Tides
Explanation: Strong winds lift dust particles.
250. Which factor causes smog most?
a) Pollution + calm winds ✅
b) Earthquakes
c) Volcanoes
d) Tides
Explanation: Pollution trapped by calm winds forms smog.
251. Which system brings clear skies?
a) High pressure ✅
b) Low pressure
c) Equatorial low
d) Subpolar low
Explanation: High pressure systems are associated with descending air.
252. Which system brings clouds and rain?
a) Low pressure ✅
b) High pressure
c) Polar high
d) Subtropical high
Explanation: Low pressure systems cause rising air and precipitation.
253. Which winds dominate tropical regions?
a) Trade winds ✅
b) Westerlies
c) Polar easterlies
d) Monsoons
Explanation: Trade winds blow steadily in tropics.
254. Which winds dominate mid‑latitudes?
a) Westerlies ✅
b) Trade winds
c) Polar easterlies
d) Monsoons
Explanation: Westerlies dominate temperate zones.
255. Which winds dominate polar regions?
a) Polar easterlies ✅
b) Westerlies
c) Trade winds
d) Monsoons
Explanation: Polar easterlies dominate polar climates.
256. Which belt lies at equator?
a) Equatorial low ✅
b) Subtropical high
c) Polar high
d) Subpolar low
Explanation: Equatorial low is caused by rising warm air.
257. Which belt lies at 30° latitude?
a) Subtropical high ✅
b) Equatorial low
c) Polar high
d) Subpolar low
Explanation: Subtropical high is caused by descending air.
258. Which belt lies at 60° latitude?
a) Subpolar low ✅
b) Equatorial low
c) Polar high
d) Subtropical high
Explanation: Subpolar low is caused by converging winds.
259. Which belt lies at poles?
a) Polar high ✅
b) Equatorial low
c) Subpolar low
d) Subtropical high
Explanation: Polar high is caused by cold dense air.
260. Which winds converge at equator?
a) Trade winds ✅
b) Westerlies
c) Polar easterlies
d) Monsoons
Explanation: Trade winds converge at equatorial low.
261. Which winds converge at polar front?
a) Westerlies + polar easterlies ✅
b) Trade winds
c) Monsoons
d) Jet streams
Explanation: Westerlies meet polar easterlies at 60° latitude.
262. Which winds are seasonal?
a) Monsoons ✅
b) Trade winds
c) Westerlies
d) Polar easterlies
Explanation: Monsoons reverse direction seasonally.
263. Which winds are strongest aloft?
a) Jet streams ✅
b) Trade winds
c) Westerlies
d) Monsoons
Explanation: Jet streams are fast winds near tropopause.
264. Which winds are strongest near surface?
a) Trade winds ✅
b) Jet streams
c) Westerlies
d) Monsoons
Explanation: Trade winds dominate surface tropical circulation.
265. Which winds are strongest in winter?
a) Monsoons ✅
b) Trade winds
c) Westerlies
d) Polar easterlies
Explanation: Winter monsoons blow strongly from land to sea.
266. Which winds are strongest in summer?
a) Monsoons ✅
b) Trade winds
c) Westerlies
d) Polar easterlies
Explanation: Summer monsoons bring heavy rainfall.
267. Which winds influence deserts?
a) Trade winds ✅
b) Westerlies
c) Monsoons
d) Polar easterlies
Explanation: Trade winds create arid subtropical deserts.
268. Which winds influence Europe?
a) Westerlies ✅
b) Trade winds
c) Monsoons
d) Polar easterlies
Explanation: Westerlies bring rainfall to Europe.
269. Which winds influence India?
a) Monsoons ✅
b) Trade winds
c) Westerlies
d) Polar easterlies
Explanation: Indian agriculture depends on monsoon rainfall.
270. Which winds influence USA winter storms?
a) Polar jet ✅
b) Trade winds
c) Monsoons
d) Polar easterlies
Explanation: Polar jet drives USA winter weather.
271. Which winds influence tropical cyclones?
a) Trade winds ✅
b) Westerlies
c) Monsoons
d) Polar easterlies
Explanation: Trade winds steer tropical cyclones.
272. Which winds influence temperate cyclones?
a) Westerlies ✅
b) Trade winds
c) Monsoons
d) Polar easterlies
Explanation: Westerlies dominate temperate depressions.
273. Which winds influence tornadoes?
a) Local winds ✅
b) Trade winds
c) Westerlies
d) Monsoons
Explanation: Tornadoes are small‑scale local wind systems.
274. Which winds influence blizzards?
a) Polar winds ✅
b) Trade winds
c) Westerlies
d) Monsoons
Explanation: Polar winds with snow cause blizzards.
275. Which winds influence sandstorms?
a) Desert winds ✅
b) Trade winds
c) Westerlies
d) Monsoons
Explanation: Strong desert winds lift sand particles.
276. What is the average sea‑level pressure?
a) 1013 mb ✅
b) 500 mb
c) 2000 mb
d) 100 mb
Explanation: Standard sea‑level pressure is 1013 millibars.
277. What is the SI unit of pressure?
a) Pascal ✅
b) Millibar
c) Newton
d) Joule
Explanation: Pressure is measured in Pascals (Pa).
278. What is 1 atmosphere equal to?
a) 101,325 Pa ✅
b) 1000 Pa
c) 500 Pa
d) 200 Pa
Explanation: 1 atm = 101,325 Pascals = 1013 mb.
279. Which instrument measures pressure at sea level?
a) Mercury barometer ✅
b) Aneroid barometer
c) Hygrometer
d) Rain gauge
Explanation: Mercury barometer is the classic instrument.
280. Which instrument measures pressure without liquid?
a) Aneroid barometer ✅
b) Mercury barometer
c) Hygrometer
d) Rain gauge
Explanation: Aneroid barometer uses a sealed metal chamber.
281. Which instrument measures altitude using pressure?
a) Altimeter ✅
b) Barometer
c) Hygrometer
d) Rain gauge
Explanation: Altimeter calculates altitude from air pressure.
282. Which instrument measures wind speed?
a) Anemometer ✅
b) Barometer
c) Hygrometer
d) Rain gauge
Explanation: Anemometer records wind velocity.
283. Which instrument measures wind direction?
a) Wind vane ✅
b) Barometer
c) Hygrometer
d) Rain gauge
Explanation: Wind vane shows wind direction.
284. Which scale measures hurricane intensity?
a) Saffir‑Simpson scale ✅
b) Fujita scale
c) Beaufort scale
d) Richter scale
Explanation: Saffir‑Simpson scale measures hurricane strength.
285. Which scale measures tornado intensity?
a) Fujita scale ✅
b) Saffir‑Simpson scale
c) Beaufort scale
d) Richter scale
Explanation: Fujita scale measures tornado strength.
286. Which scale measures wind force at sea?
a) Beaufort scale ✅
b) Fujita scale
c) Saffir‑Simpson scale
d) Richter scale
Explanation: Beaufort scale measures wind force at sea.
287. Which belt is called doldrums?
a) Equatorial low ✅
b) Subtropical high
c) Polar high
d) Subpolar low
Explanation: Doldrums are calm equatorial low pressure zones.
288. Which belt is called horse latitudes?
a) Subtropical high ✅
b) Equatorial low
c) Polar high
d) Subpolar low
Explanation: Horse latitudes are calm subtropical highs.
289. Which winds blow toward equator?
a) Trade winds ✅
b) Westerlies
c) Polar easterlies
d) Monsoons
Explanation: Trade winds converge at equator.
290. Which winds blow from 30° to 60° latitude?
a) Westerlies ✅
b) Trade winds
c) Polar easterlies
d) Monsoons
Explanation: Westerlies dominate mid‑latitudes.
291. Which winds blow from poles to 60° latitude?
a) Polar easterlies ✅
b) Westerlies
c) Trade winds
d) Monsoons
Explanation: Polar easterlies dominate polar regions.
292. Which winds are seasonal?
a) Monsoons ✅
b) Trade winds
c) Westerlies
d) Polar easterlies
Explanation: Monsoons reverse direction seasonally.
293. Which winds are strongest aloft?
a) Jet streams ✅
b) Trade winds
c) Westerlies
d) Monsoons
Explanation: Jet streams are fast winds near tropopause.
294. Which winds are strongest near surface?
a) Trade winds ✅
b) Jet streams
c) Westerlies
d) Monsoons
Explanation: Trade winds dominate surface tropical circulation.
295. Which winds influence Indian agriculture?
a) Monsoons ✅
b) Trade winds
c) Westerlies
d) Polar easterlies
Explanation: Indian agriculture depends on monsoon rainfall.
296. Which winds influence European climate?
a) Westerlies ✅
b) Trade winds
c) Monsoons
d) Polar easterlies
Explanation: Westerlies bring rainfall to Europe.
297. Which winds influence USA winter storms?
a) Polar jet ✅
b) Trade winds
c) Monsoons
d) Polar easterlies
Explanation: Polar jet drives USA winter weather.
298. Which winds influence tropical cyclones?
a) Trade winds ✅
b) Westerlies
c) Monsoons
d) Polar easterlies
Explanation: Trade winds steer tropical cyclones.
299. Which winds influence temperate cyclones?
a) Westerlies ✅
b) Trade winds
c) Monsoons
d) Polar easterlies
Explanation: Westerlies dominate temperate depressions.
300. Which winds influence blizzards?
a) Polar winds ✅
b) Trade winds
c) Westerlies
d) Monsoons
Explanation: Polar winds with snow cause blizzards.
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