Mountains
a) Himalayas ✅
b) Rockies
c) Kilimanjaro
d) Appalachian
Explanation: Fold mountains like the Himalayas are formed by the collision of tectonic plates.
2. Block mountains are formed due to:
a) Volcanic eruptions
b) Folding
c) Faulting ✅
d) Erosion
Explanation: Block mountains arise when large blocks of Earth's crust are uplifted or dropped due to faulting.
3. Which of the following is a volcanic mountain?
a) Alps
b) Andes ✅
c) Rockies
d) Appalachian
Explanation: The Andes contain many volcanic peaks formed by subduction zones.
4. Dome mountains are formed by:
a) River erosion
b) Magma pushing up rock layers ✅
c) Wind deposition
d) Glacial activity
Explanation: Dome mountains form when magma uplifts rock layers without erupting.
5. The Himalayas were formed by the collision of:
a) African and Eurasian plates
b) Indian and Eurasian plates ✅
c) Pacific and North American plates
d) Australian and Antarctic plates
Explanation: The Indian plate collided with the Eurasian plate to form the Himalayas.
6. Which mountain range is the longest in the world?
a) Rockies
b) Andes ✅
c) Alps
d) Himalayas
Explanation: The Andes stretch over 7,000 km along South America.
7. Which mountain range is located in North America?
a) Alps
b) Andes
c) Rockies ✅
d) Himalayas
Explanation: The Rocky Mountains run through western North America.
8. Which of the following is an old fold mountain?
a) Himalayas
b) Appalachian ✅
c) Andes
d) Alps
Explanation: The Appalachian Mountains are older and more eroded than young fold mountains.
9. Which mountain range lies in Europe?
a) Rockies
b) Alps ✅
c) Andes
d) Himalayas
Explanation: The Alps span several European countries including Switzerland and France.
10. Which of the following is a young fold mountain?
a) Himalayas ✅
b) Appalachian
c) Ural
d) Vindhya
Explanation: The Himalayas are still rising due to active tectonic processes.
11. Which mountain is the highest peak in Africa?
a) Mount Kenya
b) Mount Kilimanjaro ✅
c) Mount Elgon
d) Mount Meru
Explanation: Kilimanjaro is Africa’s tallest mountain and a volcanic peak.
12. Which of the following is a fault-block mountain?
a) Sierra Nevada ✅
b) Himalayas
c) Andes
d) Alps
Explanation: Sierra Nevada in the USA is a classic example of fault-block mountains.
13. Which mountain range is located in Australia?
a) Great Dividing Range ✅
b) Rockies
c) Alps
d) Andes
Explanation: The Great Dividing Range runs along the eastern coast of Australia.
14. Which of the following is a volcanic island mountain?
a) Mount Fuji
b) Mauna Loa ✅
c) Mount Elbrus
d) Mount Everest
Explanation: Mauna Loa in Hawaii is a volcanic island mountain.
15. Which mountain range is located in Morocco?
a) Atlas Mountains ✅
b) Alps
c) Andes
d) Rockies
Explanation: The Atlas Mountains stretch across Morocco, Algeria, and Tunisia.
16. Which of the following is a mountain formed by erosion?
a) Mesa ✅
b) Fold mountain
c) Block mountain
d) Dome mountain
Explanation: Mesas are flat-topped mountains formed by erosion.
17. Which mountain range lies between France and Spain?
a) Alps
b) Pyrenees ✅
c) Carpathians
d) Apennines
Explanation: The Pyrenees form a natural border between France and Spain.
18. Which of the following is a volcanic cone mountain?
a) Mount Vesuvius ✅
b) Mount Everest
c) Mount Elbrus
d) Mount McKinley
Explanation: Mount Vesuvius is a cone-shaped volcano in Italy.
19. Which mountain range is located in Russia?
a) Ural Mountains ✅
b) Alps
c) Andes
d) Rockies
Explanation: The Ural Mountains separate Europe and Asia in Russia.
20. Which of the following is a mountain range in India?
a) Vindhya ✅
b) Andes
c) Rockies
d) Alps
Explanation: The Vindhya range lies in central India.
21. Which mountain range is known for the Matterhorn peak?
a) Alps ✅
b) Himalayas
c) Andes
d) Rockies
Explanation: The Matterhorn is a famous peak in the Swiss Alps.
22. Which of the following is a volcanic mountain in Japan?
a) Mount Fuji ✅
b) Mount Kilimanjaro
c) Mount Elbrus
d) Mount McKinley
Explanation: Mount Fuji is a stratovolcano and iconic symbol of Japan.
23. Which mountain range is located in South America?
a) Andes ✅
b) Rockies
c) Alps
d) Himalayas
Explanation: The Andes run along the western edge of South America.
24. Which of the following is a dome mountain in the USA?
a) Black Hills ✅
b) Sierra Nevada
c) Rockies
d) Appalachians
Explanation: The Black Hills in South Dakota are dome mountains formed by uplift.
25. Which of the following is a mountain range in China?
a) Tien Shan ✅
b) Andes
c) Alps
d) Rockies
Explanation: The Tien Shan range lies in western China and Central Asia.
26. Which vegetation zone is found at the base of high mountains?
a) Alpine
b) Tropical forest ✅
c) Tundra
d) Desert
Explanation: Tropical forests often grow at the lower elevations of tall mountains.
27. Which vegetation zone lies just below the snowline?
a) Alpine ✅
b) Tropical forest
c) Grassland
d) Desert
Explanation: Alpine vegetation consists of shrubs and grasses found near the snowline.
28. Which of the following is a mountain ecosystem?
a) Alpine meadows ✅
b) Mangroves
c) Savanna
d) Desert scrub
Explanation: Alpine meadows are ecosystems found at high altitudes.
29. Which climatic phenomenon is caused by mountains blocking rainfall?
a) Monsoon
b) Rain shadow effect ✅
c) Cyclone
d) Tornado
Explanation: Mountains block moist winds, creating dry areas on the leeward side.
30. Which mountain range creates a rain shadow in India?
a) Himalayas ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Alps
Explanation: The Himalayas block cold winds and influence rainfall patterns in India.
31. Which hazard is common in mountain regions?
a) Landslides ✅
b) Tsunamis
c) Hurricanes
d) Earthquakes only
Explanation: Landslides occur frequently due to steep slopes and heavy rainfall.
32. Avalanches are caused by:
a) Wind erosion
b) Sudden snow movement ✅
c) River flooding
d) Volcanic eruption
Explanation: Avalanches occur when snow rapidly slides down mountain slopes.
33. Which adaptation is common among people living in high mountains?
a) Thick clothing ✅
b) Light clothing
c) Underground housing
d) Desert tents
Explanation: Thick clothing helps protect against cold temperatures.
34. Which mountain range is known for yak herding?
a) Himalayas ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Alps
Explanation: Yaks are domesticated animals adapted to Himalayan high altitudes.
35. Which of the following is a mountain hazard?
a) Rockfall ✅
b) Cyclone
c) Tsunami
d) Drought
Explanation: Rockfalls occur due to steep slopes and weathering.
36. Which adaptation is seen in mountain plants?
a) Needle-shaped leaves ✅
b) Large flat leaves
c) Thick bark
d) Floating roots
Explanation: Needle-shaped leaves reduce water loss and withstand cold.
37. Which mountain range influences the monsoon in India?
a) Himalayas ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Alps
Explanation: The Himalayas block cold winds and help trap monsoon rains.
38. Which hazard is common in volcanic mountains?
a) Lava flow ✅
b) Landslide
c) Tornado
d) Tsunami
Explanation: Volcanic mountains can erupt, releasing lava and ash.
39. Which adaptation is seen in mountain animals?
a) Thick fur ✅
b) Thin skin
c) Large ears
d) Short legs
Explanation: Thick fur helps animals survive cold mountain climates.
40. Which mountain range is known for the Andes condor?
a) Andes ✅
b) Rockies
c) Alps
d) Himalayas
Explanation: The condor is a large bird adapted to the Andes mountains.
41. Which hazard is caused by glacial melting in mountains?
a) Glacial lake outburst flood ✅
b) Tornado
c) Earthquake
d) Cyclone
Explanation: Melting glaciers can burst lakes, causing floods downstream.
42. Which adaptation is seen in mountain houses?
a) Sloping roofs ✅
b) Flat roofs
c) Underground roofs
d) Dome roofs
Explanation: Sloping roofs prevent snow accumulation.
43. Which mountain range is known for the Alps ibex?
a) Alps ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Himalayas
Explanation: The ibex is a mountain goat adapted to the Alps.
44. Which hazard is common in earthquake-prone mountain regions?
a) Landslides ✅
b) Tornadoes
c) Hurricanes
d) Droughts
Explanation: Earthquakes trigger landslides in steep mountain terrain.
45. Which adaptation is seen in mountain communities?
a) Terrace farming ✅
b) Shifting cultivation
c) Desert irrigation
d) Nomadic grazing only
Explanation: Terrace farming helps grow crops on steep slopes.
46. Which mountain range is known for the Rockies elk?
a) Rockies ✅
b) Andes
c) Alps
d) Himalayas
Explanation: Elk are large mammals adapted to the Rocky Mountains.
47. Which hazard is caused by heavy rainfall in mountains?
a) Landslides ✅
b) Tornadoes
c) Tsunamis
d) Cyclones
Explanation: Heavy rainfall loosens soil, triggering landslides.
48. Which adaptation is seen in mountain transport?
a) Ropeways ✅
b) Highways only
c) Railways only
d) Ships
Explanation: Ropeways are used to connect steep mountain regions.
49. Which mountain range is known for the snow leopard?
a) Himalayas ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Alps
Explanation: Snow leopards are adapted to cold Himalayan habitats.
50. Which hazard is common in glaciated mountain regions?
a) Icefall ✅
b) Tornado
c) Cyclone
d) Tsunami
Explanation: Icefalls occur when glaciers break and collapse down slopes.
51. Which mountain range is famous for gold mining in South Africa?
a) Drakensberg
b) Witwatersrand ✅
c) Rockies
d) Andes
Explanation: The Witwatersrand range is rich in gold deposits.
52. Which mountain range is known for diamond mining in Russia?
a) Ural Mountains ✅
b) Alps
c) Andes
d) Rockies
Explanation: The Ural Mountains are famous for mineral resources including diamonds.
53. Which mountain range is a major source of copper in Chile?
a) Andes ✅
b) Rockies
c) Alps
d) Himalayas
Explanation: The Andes are rich in copper, especially in Chile.
54. Which mountain range is known for coal deposits in the USA?
a) Appalachians ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Alps
Explanation: The Appalachian Mountains are rich in coal reserves.
55. Which mountain range is famous for tourism in Switzerland?
a) Alps ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Himalayas
Explanation: The Alps attract millions of tourists for skiing and hiking.
56. Which mountain is a major pilgrimage site in Japan?
a) Mount Fuji ✅
b) Mount Kilimanjaro
c) Mount Everest
d) Mount Elbrus
Explanation: Mount Fuji is a sacred mountain and popular pilgrimage site.
57. Which mountain is a major pilgrimage site in Tanzania?
a) Mount Kilimanjaro ✅
b) Mount Everest
c) Mount Fuji
d) Mount Elbrus
Explanation: Kilimanjaro is both a tourist attraction and a cultural landmark.
58. Which mountain is a major pilgrimage site in India?
a) Mount Kailash ✅
b) Mount Everest
c) Mount Fuji
d) Mount Elbrus
Explanation: Mount Kailash is sacred in Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism.
59. Which mountain is the highest peak in the world?
a) Mount Everest ✅
b) K2
c) Kangchenjunga
d) Lhotse
Explanation: Mount Everest stands at 8,848 meters above sea level.
60. Which mountain is the second highest peak in the world?
a) K2 ✅
b) Mount Everest
c) Kangchenjunga
d) Makalu
Explanation: K2 is the second highest peak at 8,611 meters.
61. Which mountain is the highest peak in North America?
a) Mount McKinley (Denali) ✅
b) Mount Logan
c) Mount Rainier
d) Mount Elbert
Explanation: Denali in Alaska is the tallest peak in North America.
62. Which mountain is the highest peak in South America?
a) Aconcagua ✅
b) Andes
c) Chimborazo
d) Cotopaxi
Explanation: Aconcagua in Argentina is the tallest peak in South America.
63. Which mountain is the highest peak in Europe?
a) Mount Elbrus ✅
b) Alps
c) Matterhorn
d) Mont Blanc
Explanation: Mount Elbrus in Russia is the tallest peak in Europe.
64. Which mountain is the highest peak in Africa?
a) Mount Kilimanjaro ✅
b) Mount Kenya
c) Mount Elgon
d) Mount Meru
Explanation: Kilimanjaro is Africa’s tallest mountain.
65. Which mountain is the highest peak in Australia?
a) Mount Kosciuszko ✅
b) Mount Elbrus
c) Mount Everest
d) Mount Fuji
Explanation: Mount Kosciuszko is the tallest peak in mainland Australia.
66. Which mountain is the highest peak in Antarctica?
a) Mount Vinson ✅
b) Mount Erebus
c) Mount Kilimanjaro
d) Mount Logan
Explanation: Mount Vinson is the tallest peak in Antarctica.
67. Which mountain range is famous for Machu Picchu?
a) Andes ✅
b) Rockies
c) Alps
d) Himalayas
Explanation: Machu Picchu lies in the Andes of Peru.
68. Which mountain range is famous for the Matterhorn?
a) Alps ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Himalayas
Explanation: The Matterhorn is a famous peak in the Swiss Alps.
69. Which mountain range is famous for Mount Everest?
a) Himalayas ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Alps
Explanation: Mount Everest lies in the Himalayas.
70. Which mountain range is famous for Mount McKinley (Denali)?
a) Rockies ✅
b) Andes
c) Alps
d) Himalayas
Explanation: Denali lies in the Alaska Range, part of the Rockies.
71. Which mountain range is famous for Mount Kilimanjaro?
a) East African Rift ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Alps
Explanation: Kilimanjaro lies in the East African Rift zone.
72. Which mountain range is famous for Mount Fuji?
a) Japanese Alps ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Himalayas
Explanation: Mount Fuji lies near the Japanese Alps.
73. Which mountain range is famous for Mount Elbrus?
a) Caucasus ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Alps
Explanation: Mount Elbrus lies in the Caucasus Mountains of Russia.
74. Which mountain range is famous for Aconcagua?
a) Andes ✅
b) Rockies
c) Alps
d) Himalayas
Explanation: Aconcagua lies in the Andes of Argentina.
75. Which mountain range is famous for Mount Vinson?
a) Ellsworth Mountains ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Alps
Explanation: Mount Vinson lies in the Ellsworth Mountains of Antarctica.
76. Which mountain range separates Europe from Asia?
a) Ural Mountains ✅
b) Alps
c) Rockies
d) Andes
Explanation: The Ural Mountains form the boundary between Europe and Asia.
77. Which mountain range runs along the western coast of South America?
a) Andes ✅
b) Rockies
c) Alps
d) Himalayas
Explanation: The Andes stretch along the western edge of South America.
78. Which mountain range runs along the western coast of North America?
a) Rockies ✅
b) Andes
c) Alps
d) Himalayas
Explanation: The Rockies extend through Canada and the USA.
79. Which mountain range lies between Italy and Switzerland?
a) Alps ✅
b) Pyrenees
c) Carpathians
d) Apennines
Explanation: The Alps form a natural border between Italy and Switzerland.
80. Which mountain range lies between France and Spain?
a) Pyrenees ✅
b) Alps
c) Apennines
d) Carpathians
Explanation: The Pyrenees separate France and Spain.
81. Which mountain range lies in Eastern Europe?
a) Carpathians ✅
b) Alps
c) Rockies
d) Andes
Explanation: The Carpathians stretch across Central and Eastern Europe.
82. Which mountain range lies in Italy?
a) Apennines ✅
b) Alps
c) Pyrenees
d) Carpathians
Explanation: The Apennines run the length of Italy.
83. Which mountain range lies in Iran?
a) Zagros Mountains ✅
b) Alps
c) Andes
d) Rockies
Explanation: The Zagros Mountains stretch across western Iran.
84. Which mountain range lies in Turkey?
a) Taurus Mountains ✅
b) Alps
c) Andes
d) Rockies
Explanation: The Taurus Mountains are located in southern Turkey.
85. Which mountain range lies in Central Asia?
a) Pamirs ✅
b) Alps
c) Andes
d) Rockies
Explanation: The Pamirs are known as the “Roof of the World” in Central Asia.
86. Which mountain range lies in Afghanistan?
a) Hindu Kush ✅
b) Alps
c) Andes
d) Rockies
Explanation: The Hindu Kush runs through Afghanistan and Pakistan.
87. Which mountain range lies in China and Central Asia?
a) Tien Shan ✅
b) Alps
c) Andes
d) Rockies
Explanation: The Tien Shan range lies in western China and Central Asia.
88. Which mountain range lies in Mongolia?
a) Altai Mountains ✅
b) Alps
c) Andes
d) Rockies
Explanation: The Altai Mountains stretch across Mongolia, Russia, and China.
89. Which mountain range lies in South Africa?
a) Drakensberg ✅
b) Alps
c) Andes
d) Rockies
Explanation: The Drakensberg range is located in South Africa.
90. Which mountain range lies in New Zealand?
a) Southern Alps ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Himalayas
Explanation: The Southern Alps run along New Zealand’s South Island.
91. Which mountain range lies in Canada?
a) Coast Mountains ✅
b) Andes
c) Alps
d) Himalayas
Explanation: The Coast Mountains are part of the Pacific ranges in Canada.
92. Which mountain range lies in Alaska?
a) Alaska Range ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Alps
Explanation: The Alaska Range contains Denali, the tallest peak in North America.
93. Which mountain range lies in Argentina?
a) Andes ✅
b) Rockies
c) Alps
d) Himalayas
Explanation: The Andes run through Argentina and other South American countries.
94. Which mountain range lies in Chile?
a) Andes ✅
b) Rockies
c) Alps
d) Himalayas
Explanation: The Andes dominate Chile’s landscape.
95. Which mountain range lies in Peru?
a) Andes ✅
b) Rockies
c) Alps
d) Himalayas
Explanation: The Andes run through Peru, home to Machu Picchu.
96. Which mountain range lies in Nepal?
a) Himalayas ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Alps
Explanation: The Himalayas run through Nepal, including Mount Everest.
97. Which mountain range lies in Bhutan?
a) Himalayas ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Alps
Explanation: The Himalayas extend into Bhutan.
98. Which mountain range lies in Pakistan?
a) Karakoram ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Alps
Explanation: The Karakoram range includes K2, the world’s second highest peak.
99. Which mountain range lies in India?
a) Western Ghats ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Alps
Explanation: The Western Ghats run along India’s western coast.
100. Which mountain range lies in Eastern India?
a) Eastern Ghats ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Alps
Explanation: The Eastern Ghats run along India’s eastern coast.
101. Which mountain range is older, Himalayas or Appalachians?
a) Himalayas
b) Appalachians ✅
c) Both same age
d) Rockies
Explanation: The Appalachians are ancient and eroded, while the Himalayas are geologically young.
102. Which mountain range is higher, Rockies or Andes?
a) Rockies
b) Andes ✅
c) Both same height
d) Alps
Explanation: The Andes are taller and longer than the Rockies.
103. Which mountain range is wider, Himalayas or Alps?
a) Himalayas ✅
b) Alps
c) Both same width
d) Rockies
Explanation: The Himalayas are much wider and taller compared to the Alps.
104. Which mountain range lies entirely in Europe?
a) Alps ✅
b) Andes
c) Rockies
d) Himalayas
Explanation: The Alps are located entirely within Europe.
105. Which mountain range lies entirely in South America?
a) Andes ✅
b) Rockies
c) Alps
d) Himalayas
Explanation: The Andes stretch along South America’s western edge.
106. Which mountain range lies entirely in North America?
a) Rockies ✅
b) Andes
c) Alps
d) Himalayas
Explanation: The Rockies run through Canada and the USA.
107. Which mountain range lies entirely in Asia?
a) Himalayas ✅
b) Andes
c) Alps
d) Rockies
Explanation: The Himalayas are located entirely in Asia.
108. Which mountain range separates Spain from France?
a) Pyrenees ✅
b) Alps
c) Apennines
d) Carpathians
Explanation: The Pyrenees form the natural boundary between Spain and France.
109. Which mountain range separates Italy from Switzerland?
a) Alps ✅
b) Pyrenees
c) Carpathians
d) Apennines
Explanation: The Alps form the border between Italy and Switzerland.
110. Which mountain range separates Europe from Asia in Russia?
a) Ural Mountains ✅
b) Alps
c) Rockies
d) Andes
Explanation: The Ural Mountains mark the boundary between Europe and Asia.
111. Which mountain range is known as the “Roof of the World”?
a) Pamirs ✅
b) Alps
c) Andes
d) Rockies
Explanation: The Pamirs in Central Asia are called the “Roof of the World.”
112. Which mountain range is known as the “Third Pole”?
a) Himalayas ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Alps
Explanation: The Himalayas are called the “Third Pole” due to their vast ice reserves.
113. Which mountain range is known as the “Backbone of Italy”?
a) Apennines ✅
b) Alps
c) Pyrenees
d) Carpathians
Explanation: The Apennines run the length of Italy, forming its backbone.
114. Which mountain range is known as the “Great Divide” in North America?
a) Rockies ✅
b) Andes
c) Alps
d) Himalayas
Explanation: The Rockies form the Continental Divide in North America.
115. Which mountain range is known as the “Andean Cordillera”?
a) Andes ✅
b) Rockies
c) Alps
d) Himalayas
Explanation: The Andes are also called the Andean Cordillera.
116. Which mountain range is known as the “Himalaya-Karakoram complex”?
a) Himalayas ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Alps
Explanation: The Himalayas and Karakoram ranges together form a massive mountain complex.
117. Which mountain range is known for the Great Smoky Mountains?
a) Appalachians ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Alps
Explanation: The Great Smoky Mountains are part of the Appalachian range.
118. Which mountain range is known for the Dolomites?
a) Alps ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Himalayas
Explanation: The Dolomites are a subrange of the Alps in Italy.
119. Which mountain range is known for the Sierra Nevada?
a) Rockies
b) Sierra Nevada ✅
c) Andes
d) Alps
Explanation: The Sierra Nevada is a fault-block mountain range in California.
120. Which mountain range is known for the Cascade Range?
a) Rockies
b) Cascade Range ✅
c) Andes
d) Alps
Explanation: The Cascade Range in the USA is volcanic in origin.
121. Which mountain range is known for the Zagros Mountains?
a) Iran ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Alps
Explanation: The Zagros Mountains stretch across western Iran.
122. Which mountain range is known for the Taurus Mountains?
a) Turkey ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Alps
Explanation: The Taurus Mountains are located in southern Turkey.
123. Which mountain range is known for the Altai Mountains?
a) Mongolia ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Alps
Explanation: The Altai Mountains stretch across Mongolia, Russia, and China.
124. Which mountain range is known for the Drakensberg?
a) South Africa ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Alps
Explanation: The Drakensberg range is located in South Africa.
125. Which mountain range is known for the Southern Alps?
a) New Zealand ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Himalayas
Explanation: The Southern Alps run along New Zealand’s South Island.
126. What is the term for the line separating two drainage basins?
a) Watershed ✅
b) Plateau
c) Gorge
d) Delta
Explanation: A watershed divides the flow of water into different drainage basins.
127. What is the term for the height of a mountain above sea level?
a) Elevation ✅
b) Relief
c) Gradient
d) Contour
Explanation: Elevation is the vertical height of a mountain above sea level.
128. What is the term for the difference between the highest and lowest points in an area?
a) Relief ✅
b) Elevation
c) Gradient
d) Contour
Explanation: Relief measures the variation in height across a region.
129. What is the term for the steepness of a slope?
a) Gradient ✅
b) Relief
c) Elevation
d) Contour
Explanation: Gradient refers to how steep a slope is.
130. What is the term for lines on a map showing equal elevation?
a) Contour lines ✅
b) Latitude lines
c) Longitude lines
d) Grid lines
Explanation: Contour lines connect points of equal elevation on maps.
131. Which mountain is called the “Matterhorn of the Himalayas”?
a) Ama Dablam ✅
b) Everest
c) K2
d) Annapurna
Explanation: Ama Dablam resembles the Matterhorn in shape.
132. Which mountain is nicknamed the “Savage Mountain”?
a) K2 ✅
b) Everest
c) Kilimanjaro
d) Elbrus
Explanation: K2 is called the Savage Mountain due to its difficulty and high fatality rate.
133. Which mountain is nicknamed the “Sleeping Giant”?
a) Mount Elgon ✅
b) Everest
c) Kilimanjaro
d) Fuji
Explanation: Mount Elgon in East Africa is nicknamed the Sleeping Giant.
134. Which mountain is nicknamed the “Roof of Africa”?
a) Kilimanjaro ✅
b) Elgon
c) Kenya
d) Meru
Explanation: Kilimanjaro is the tallest peak in Africa, hence the nickname.
135. Which mountain is nicknamed the “Roof of the World”?
a) Pamirs ✅
b) Alps
c) Andes
d) Rockies
Explanation: The Pamirs are called the Roof of the World due to their high elevation.
136. Which mountain is nicknamed the “Mother Goddess of the World”?
a) Everest ✅
b) K2
c) Annapurna
d) Fuji
Explanation: Everest is called Sagarmatha in Nepal, meaning Mother Goddess of the World.
137. Which mountain is nicknamed the “White Mountain”?
a) Mont Blanc ✅
b) Matterhorn
c) Elbrus
d) Kosciuszko
Explanation: Mont Blanc means White Mountain in French.
138. Which mountain is nicknamed the “Shining Mountain”?
a) Annapurna ✅
b) Everest
c) K2
d) Kilimanjaro
Explanation: Annapurna means “Shining Goddess” in Sanskrit.
139. Which mountain is nicknamed the “Mountain of Spirits”?
a) Mount Elbrus ✅
b) Everest
c) K2
d) Kilimanjaro
Explanation: Mount Elbrus is often referred to as the Mountain of Spirits in folklore.
140. Which mountain is nicknamed the “Mountain of God”?
a) Mount Kenya ✅
b) Everest
c) K2
d) Kilimanjaro
Explanation: Mount Kenya is considered sacred by local communities.
141. Which mountain is nicknamed the “Mountain of Gold”?
a) Witwatersrand ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Alps
Explanation: Witwatersrand in South Africa is rich in gold deposits.
142. Which mountain is nicknamed the “Mountain of Silver”?
a) Potosà ✅
b) Andes
c) Rockies
d) Alps
Explanation: Potosà in Bolivia is famous for its silver mines.
143. Which mountain is nicknamed the “Mountain of Fire”?
a) Mount Etna ✅
b) Everest
c) K2
d) Kilimanjaro
Explanation: Mount Etna in Italy is one of the world’s most active volcanoes.
144. Which mountain is nicknamed the “Mountain of Doom”?
a) Mount Tambora ✅
b) Everest
c) K2
d) Kilimanjaro
Explanation: Mount Tambora erupted catastrophically in 1815, earning the nickname.
145. Which mountain is nicknamed the “Mountain of Light”?
a) Mount Fuji ✅
b) Everest
c) K2
d) Kilimanjaro
Explanation: Mount Fuji is often called the Mountain of Light due to its sunrise views.
146. Which mountain is nicknamed the “Mountain of Thunder”?
a) Mount Meru ✅
b) Everest
c) K2
d) Kilimanjaro
Explanation: Mount Meru in Tanzania is associated with thunder in local traditions.
147. Which mountain is nicknamed the “Mountain of Wind”?
a) Mount Washington ✅
b) Everest
c) K2
d) Kilimanjaro
Explanation: Mount Washington in the USA is known for extreme winds.
148. Which mountain is nicknamed the “Mountain of Ice”?
a) Mount Vinson ✅
b) Everest
c) K2
d) Kilimanjaro
Explanation: Mount Vinson in Antarctica is surrounded by ice sheets.
149. Which mountain is nicknamed the “Mountain of Clouds”?
a) Kilimanjaro ✅
b) Everest
c) K2
d) Fuji
Explanation: Kilimanjaro is often shrouded in clouds, earning the nickname.
150. Which mountain is nicknamed the “Mountain of Death”?
a) Nanga Parbat ✅
b) Everest
c) K2
d) Annapurna
Explanation: Nanga Parbat is called the Mountain of Death due to its high fatality rate.
151. Which mountain range is rich in iron ore in India?
a) Aravalli ✅
b) Himalayas
c) Rockies
d) Andes
Explanation: The Aravalli range contains significant iron ore deposits.
152. Which mountain range is rich in mica deposits in India?
a) Himalayas ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Alps
Explanation: The Himalayas are rich in mica and other minerals.
153. Which mountain range is rich in copper deposits in the USA?
a) Rockies ✅
b) Andes
c) Alps
d) Himalayas
Explanation: The Rockies contain copper and other mineral resources.
154. Which mountain range is rich in tin deposits in Bolivia?
a) Andes ✅
b) Rockies
c) Alps
d) Himalayas
Explanation: The Andes are famous for tin mines in Bolivia.
155. Which mountain range is rich in uranium deposits in Canada?
a) Rockies ✅
b) Andes
c) Alps
d) Himalayas
Explanation: The Rockies contain uranium deposits in Canada.
156. Which mountain range is rich in coal deposits in India?
a) Vindhya ✅
b) Himalayas
c) Rockies
d) Andes
Explanation: The Vindhya range has coal deposits in central India.
157. Which mountain range is rich in bauxite deposits in India?
a) Eastern Ghats ✅
b) Himalayas
c) Rockies
d) Andes
Explanation: The Eastern Ghats are rich in bauxite reserves.
158. Which mountain range is rich in limestone deposits in India?
a) Himalayas ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Alps
Explanation: The Himalayas contain extensive limestone deposits.
159. Which mountain range is rich in salt deposits in Pakistan?
a) Salt Range ✅
b) Himalayas
c) Rockies
d) Andes
Explanation: The Salt Range in Pakistan is famous for rock salt mines.
160. Which mountain range is rich in zinc deposits in Rajasthan?
a) Aravalli ✅
b) Himalayas
c) Rockies
d) Andes
Explanation: The Aravalli range contains zinc and lead deposits.
161. Which mountain range is famous for tea plantations in India?
a) Eastern Himalayas ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Alps
Explanation: The Eastern Himalayas in Assam and Darjeeling are famous for tea.
162. Which mountain range is famous for coffee plantations in Brazil?
a) Brazilian Highlands ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Alps
Explanation: The Brazilian Highlands are ideal for coffee cultivation.
163. Which mountain range is famous for vineyards in France?
a) Alps ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Himalayas
Explanation: The Alps region supports vineyards due to favorable climate.
164. Which mountain range is famous for sheep rearing in New Zealand?
a) Southern Alps ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Himalayas
Explanation: The Southern Alps provide pastures for sheep farming.
165. Which mountain range is famous for yak rearing in Tibet?
a) Himalayas ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Alps
Explanation: Yaks are domesticated animals adapted to Himalayan high altitudes.
166. Which mountain range is famous for llama rearing in South America?
a) Andes ✅
b) Rockies
c) Alps
d) Himalayas
Explanation: Llamas are domesticated animals adapted to the Andes.
167. Which mountain range is famous for reindeer herding in Scandinavia?
a) Scandinavian Mountains ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Alps
Explanation: Reindeer are herded in the Scandinavian Mountains.
168. Which mountain range is famous for goat rearing in Switzerland?
a) Alps ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Himalayas
Explanation: Goats are commonly reared in the Alps.
169. Which mountain range is famous for tourism in Nepal?
a) Himalayas ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Alps
Explanation: The Himalayas attract tourists for trekking and mountaineering.
170. Which mountain range is famous for tourism in Switzerland?
a) Alps ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Himalayas
Explanation: The Alps are popular for skiing and hiking.
171. Which mountain range is famous for tourism in Peru?
a) Andes ✅
b) Rockies
c) Alps
d) Himalayas
Explanation: The Andes attract tourists to Machu Picchu and Cusco.
172. Which mountain range is famous for tourism in Colorado, USA?
a) Rockies ✅
b) Andes
c) Alps
d) Himalayas
Explanation: The Rockies in Colorado are popular for skiing and hiking.
173. Which mountain range is famous for tourism in Japan?
a) Japanese Alps ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Himalayas
Explanation: The Japanese Alps attract tourists for skiing and Mount Fuji.
174. Which mountain range is famous for tourism in Tanzania?
a) Kilimanjaro ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Alps
Explanation: Kilimanjaro is a major tourist attraction in Tanzania.
175. Which mountain range is famous for tourism in Russia?
a) Caucasus ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Alps
Explanation: The Caucasus Mountains attract tourists for skiing and hiking.
176. Which mountain is sacred in Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism?
a) Mount Kailash ✅
b) Everest
c) Kilimanjaro
d) Fuji
Explanation: Mount Kailash is considered holy in multiple religions.
177. Which mountain is sacred in Shinto religion in Japan?
a) Mount Fuji ✅
b) Everest
c) Kilimanjaro
d) Elbrus
Explanation: Mount Fuji is a sacred site in Shinto and Buddhism.
178. Which mountain is sacred in Christianity in Ethiopia?
a) Mount Lalibela ✅
b) Everest
c) Kilimanjaro
d) Alps
Explanation: Mount Lalibela is associated with Christian traditions in Ethiopia.
179. Which mountain is sacred in Islam in Saudi Arabia?
a) Jabal al-Nour ✅
b) Everest
c) Kilimanjaro
d) Alps
Explanation: Jabal al-Nour is where Prophet Muhammad received revelations.
180. Which mountain is sacred in Native American traditions in Arizona?
a) San Francisco Peaks ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Alps
Explanation: The San Francisco Peaks are sacred to several Native American tribes.
181. Which mountain is sacred in Maori traditions in New Zealand?
a) Mount Taranaki ✅
b) Everest
c) Kilimanjaro
d) Alps
Explanation: Mount Taranaki is sacred in Maori culture.
182. Which mountain is sacred in Tibetan Buddhism?
a) Mount Kailash ✅
b) Everest
c) Kilimanjaro
d) Alps
Explanation: Mount Kailash is central to Tibetan Buddhist beliefs.
183. Which mountain is sacred in Andean traditions in Peru?
a) Ausangate ✅
b) Everest
c) Kilimanjaro
d) Alps
Explanation: Ausangate is revered in Andean culture and festivals.
184. Which mountain is sacred in Greek mythology?
a) Mount Olympus ✅
b) Everest
c) Kilimanjaro
d) Alps
Explanation: Mount Olympus was believed to be the home of the Greek gods.
185. Which mountain is sacred in Norse mythology?
a) Mount Himinbjorg ✅
b) Everest
c) Kilimanjaro
d) Alps
Explanation: Himinbjorg is associated with Norse gods and legends.
186. Which mountain is sacred in Celtic traditions?
a) Ben Nevis ✅
b) Everest
c) Kilimanjaro
d) Alps
Explanation: Ben Nevis in Scotland has cultural significance in Celtic traditions.
187. Which mountain is sacred in Inca traditions?
a) Machu Picchu ✅
b) Everest
c) Kilimanjaro
d) Alps
Explanation: Machu Picchu and surrounding peaks were sacred to the Incas.
188. Which mountain is sacred in Zulu traditions in South Africa?
a) Drakensberg ✅
b) Everest
c) Kilimanjaro
d) Alps
Explanation: The Drakensberg range holds cultural importance in Zulu traditions.
189. Which mountain is sacred in Mongolian traditions?
a) Burkhan Khaldun ✅
b) Everest
c) Kilimanjaro
d) Alps
Explanation: Burkhan Khaldun is sacred in Mongolian culture and linked to Genghis Khan.
190. Which mountain is sacred in Native American traditions in California?
a) Mount Shasta ✅
b) Everest
c) Kilimanjaro
d) Alps
Explanation: Mount Shasta is sacred to Native American tribes in California.
191. Which mountain is sacred in Hawaiian traditions?
a) Mauna Kea ✅
b) Everest
c) Kilimanjaro
d) Alps
Explanation: Mauna Kea is sacred in Hawaiian culture and astronomy.
192. Which mountain is sacred in Bhutanese traditions?
a) Jomolhari ✅
b) Everest
c) Kilimanjaro
d) Alps
Explanation: Jomolhari is considered sacred in Bhutanese Buddhism.
193. Which mountain is sacred in Nepalese traditions?
a) Machhapuchhre ✅
b) Everest
c) Kilimanjaro
d) Alps
Explanation: Machhapuchhre is revered in Nepalese culture and is unclimbed due to its sacredness.
194. Which mountain is sacred in Andean traditions in Bolivia?
a) Illimani ✅
b) Everest
c) Kilimanjaro
d) Alps
Explanation: Illimani is a sacred peak in Bolivian Andean culture.
195. Which mountain is sacred in Native American traditions in Colorado?
a) Mount Blanca ✅
b) Everest
c) Kilimanjaro
d) Alps
Explanation: Mount Blanca is sacred to Native American tribes in Colorado.
196. Which mountain is sacred in Native American traditions in Washington State?
a) Mount Rainier ✅
b) Everest
c) Kilimanjaro
d) Alps
Explanation: Mount Rainier is sacred to Native American tribes in Washington.
197. Which mountain is sacred in Native American traditions in Oregon?
a) Mount Hood ✅
b) Everest
c) Kilimanjaro
d) Alps
Explanation: Mount Hood is sacred to Native American tribes in Oregon.
198. Which mountain is sacred in Native American traditions in Wyoming?
a) Devils Tower ✅
b) Everest
c) Kilimanjaro
d) Alps
Explanation: Devils Tower is a sacred site for Native American tribes.
199. Which mountain is sacred in Native American traditions in Montana?
a) Crazy Mountains ✅
b) Everest
c) Kilimanjaro
d) Alps
Explanation: The Crazy Mountains are sacred to Native American tribes in Montana.
200. Which mountain is sacred in Native American traditions in New Mexico?
a) Sandia Mountains ✅
b) Everest
c) Kilimanjaro
d) Alps
Explanation: The Sandia Mountains are sacred to Native American tribes in New Mexico.
201. Who was the first person to climb Mount Everest?
a) Edmund Hillary ✅
b) George Mallory
c) Reinhold Messner
d) Tenzing Norgay
Explanation: Edmund Hillary from New Zealand was the first to summit Everest in 1953.
202. Who accompanied Edmund Hillary on the first Everest climb?
a) Tenzing Norgay ✅
b) George Mallory
c) Reinhold Messner
d) Sherpa Ang Rita
Explanation: Tenzing Norgay, a Sherpa from Nepal, climbed Everest with Hillary in 1953.
203. Who attempted to climb Everest in the 1920s but disappeared?
a) George Mallory ✅
b) Edmund Hillary
c) Reinhold Messner
d) Tenzing Norgay
Explanation: George Mallory disappeared during an Everest expedition in 1924.
204. Who was the first person to climb Everest without oxygen?
a) Reinhold Messner ✅
b) Edmund Hillary
c) George Mallory
d) Tenzing Norgay
Explanation: Reinhold Messner climbed Everest without supplemental oxygen in 1978.
205. Who was the first woman to climb Mount Everest?
a) Junko Tabei ✅
b) Bachendri Pal
c) Wanda Rutkiewicz
d) Gerlinde Kaltenbrunner
Explanation: Junko Tabei from Japan was the first woman to summit Everest in 1975.
206. Who was the first Indian woman to climb Mount Everest?
a) Bachendri Pal ✅
b) Junko Tabei
c) Santosh Yadav
d) Premlata Agarwal
Explanation: Bachendri Pal was the first Indian woman to summit Everest in 1984.
207. Who was the first Indian man to climb Mount Everest?
a) Avtar Singh Cheema ✅
b) Bachendri Pal
c) Santosh Yadav
d) Edmund Hillary
Explanation: Avtar Singh Cheema was the first Indian man to summit Everest in 1965.
208. Who was the first person to climb all 14 eight-thousanders?
a) Reinhold Messner ✅
b) Edmund Hillary
c) George Mallory
d) Tenzing Norgay
Explanation: Reinhold Messner climbed all 14 peaks above 8,000 meters.
209. Who was the first woman to climb all 14 eight-thousanders?
a) Gerlinde Kaltenbrunner ✅
b) Junko Tabei
c) Bachendri Pal
d) Wanda Rutkiewicz
Explanation: Gerlinde Kaltenbrunner from Austria achieved this feat in 2011.
210. Who was the first person to climb Everest solo?
a) Reinhold Messner ✅
b) Edmund Hillary
c) George Mallory
d) Tenzing Norgay
Explanation: Reinhold Messner climbed Everest solo in 1980.
211. Who was the first person to climb Everest twice?
a) Nawang Gombu ✅
b) Edmund Hillary
c) Reinhold Messner
d) Tenzing Norgay
Explanation: Nawang Gombu was the first person to summit Everest twice, in 1963 and 1965.
212. Who was the first woman to climb Everest twice?
a) Santosh Yadav ✅
b) Bachendri Pal
c) Junko Tabei
d) Gerlinde Kaltenbrunner
Explanation: Santosh Yadav was the first woman to summit Everest twice, in 1992 and 1993.
213. Who was the first person to climb Everest from both north and south sides?
a) Reinhold Messner ✅
b) Edmund Hillary
c) George Mallory
d) Tenzing Norgay
Explanation: Reinhold Messner climbed Everest from both sides.
214. Who was the first person to climb Everest in winter?
a) Krzysztof Wielicki ✅
b) Edmund Hillary
c) Reinhold Messner
d) Tenzing Norgay
Explanation: Krzysztof Wielicki from Poland climbed Everest in winter in 1980.
215. Who was the first Indian to climb Everest without oxygen?
a) Sherpa Ang Rita ✅
b) Bachendri Pal
c) Avtar Singh Cheema
d) Santosh Yadav
Explanation: Ang Rita Sherpa climbed Everest multiple times without oxygen.
216. Who was the first person to climb Everest 10 times?
a) Apa Sherpa ✅
b) Edmund Hillary
c) Reinhold Messner
d) Tenzing Norgay
Explanation: Apa Sherpa set records by climbing Everest multiple times.
217. Who was the first person to climb Everest 20 times?
a) Kami Rita Sherpa ✅
b) Apa Sherpa
c) Reinhold Messner
d) Edmund Hillary
Explanation: Kami Rita Sherpa holds the record for most Everest summits.
218. Who was the youngest person to climb Everest?
a) Jordan Romero ✅
b) Edmund Hillary
c) Reinhold Messner
d) Tenzing Norgay
Explanation: Jordan Romero climbed Everest at age 13 in 2010.
219. Who was the youngest Indian to climb Everest?
a) Malavath Purna ✅
b) Bachendri Pal
c) Santosh Yadav
d) Avtar Singh Cheema
Explanation: Malavath Purna climbed Everest at age 13 in 2014.
220. Who was the oldest person to climb Everest?
a) Yuichiro Miura ✅
b) Edmund Hillary
c) Reinhold Messner
d) Tenzing Norgay
Explanation: Yuichiro Miura climbed Everest at age 80 in 2013.
221. Who was the oldest Indian to climb Everest?
a) Premlata Agarwal ✅
b) Bachendri Pal
c) Santosh Yadav
d) Avtar Singh Cheema
Explanation: Premlata Agarwal climbed Everest at age 48 in 2011.
222. Who was the first blind person to climb Everest?
a) Erik Weihenmayer ✅
b) Edmund Hillary
c) Reinhold Messner
d) Tenzing Norgay
Explanation: Erik Weihenmayer climbed Everest in 2001 despite being blind.
223. Who was the first amputee to climb Everest?
a) Arunima Sinha ✅
b) Edmund Hillary
c) Reinhold Messner
d) Tenzing Norgay
Explanation: Arunima Sinha became the first female amputee to climb Everest in 2013.
224. Who was the first Indian woman amputee to climb Everest?
a) Arunima Sinha ✅
b) Bachendri Pal
c) Santosh Yadav
d) Premlata Agarwal
Explanation: Arunima Sinha achieved this feat after losing her leg.
225. Who was the first person to climb Everest in under 10 hours?
a) Lakpa Gelu ✅
b) Edmund Hillary
c) Reinhold Messner
d) Tenzing Norgay
Explanation: Lakpa Gelu Sherpa set a record by climbing Everest in less than 10 hours.
226. What type of rock is commonly found in fold mountains?
a) Sedimentary ✅
b) Igneous
c) Metamorphic
d) Volcanic
Explanation: Fold mountains are largely composed of sedimentary rocks uplifted by tectonic forces.
227. What type of rock is commonly found in volcanic mountains?
a) Igneous ✅
b) Sedimentary
c) Metamorphic
d) Limestone
Explanation: Volcanic mountains are formed from solidified igneous rocks.
228. What type of rock is commonly found in block mountains?
a) Metamorphic ✅
b) Sedimentary
c) Igneous
d) Volcanic
Explanation: Block mountains often expose metamorphic rocks due to faulting.
229. Which process forms fold mountains?
a) Compression ✅
b) Tension
c) Volcanism
d) Erosion
Explanation: Fold mountains form when tectonic plates compress and fold rock layers.
230. Which process forms block mountains?
a) Faulting ✅
b) Folding
c) Volcanism
d) Erosion
Explanation: Block mountains form when crustal blocks are uplifted or dropped due to faulting.
231. Which process forms dome mountains?
a) Magma intrusion ✅
b) Folding
c) Faulting
d) Erosion
Explanation: Dome mountains form when magma pushes rock layers upward without erupting.
232. Which process forms volcanic mountains?
a) Volcanism ✅
b) Folding
c) Faulting
d) Erosion
Explanation: Volcanic mountains are formed by eruptions of magma and ash.
233. Which process forms erosional mountains?
a) Erosion ✅
b) Folding
c) Faulting
d) Volcanism
Explanation: Erosional mountains are shaped by weathering and erosion of plateaus.
234. Which mountain range is an example of young fold mountains?
a) Himalayas ✅
b) Appalachians
c) Aravalli
d) Ural
Explanation: The Himalayas are still rising due to active tectonic processes.
235. Which mountain range is an example of old fold mountains?
a) Appalachians ✅
b) Himalayas
c) Andes
d) Alps
Explanation: The Appalachians are ancient and eroded fold mountains.
236. Which mountain range is an example of block mountains?
a) Sierra Nevada ✅
b) Himalayas
c) Andes
d) Alps
Explanation: Sierra Nevada in the USA is a classic fault-block mountain range.
237. Which mountain range is an example of dome mountains?
a) Black Hills ✅
b) Himalayas
c) Andes
d) Alps
Explanation: The Black Hills in South Dakota are dome mountains formed by uplift.
238. Which mountain range is an example of volcanic mountains?
a) Andes ✅
b) Himalayas
c) Alps
d) Rockies
Explanation: The Andes contain many volcanic peaks due to subduction zones.
239. Which mountain range is an example of erosional mountains?
a) Aravalli ✅
b) Himalayas
c) Andes
d) Alps
Explanation: The Aravalli range is highly eroded and considered an erosional mountain.
240. Which environmental issue is common in mountain regions?
a) Deforestation ✅
b) Desertification
c) Salinization
d) Urbanization only
Explanation: Deforestation occurs due to logging and agriculture in mountain slopes.
241. Which environmental issue is caused by overgrazing in mountains?
a) Soil erosion ✅
b) Flooding
c) Desertification
d) Salinization
Explanation: Overgrazing removes vegetation, leading to soil erosion.
242. Which environmental issue is caused by mining in mountains?
a) Habitat destruction ✅
b) Flooding
c) Desertification
d) Salinization
Explanation: Mining activities destroy habitats and cause pollution.
243. Which environmental issue is caused by tourism in mountains?
a) Waste pollution ✅
b) Desertification
c) Salinization
d) Flooding
Explanation: Tourism generates waste and damages fragile ecosystems.
244. Which environmental issue is caused by hydropower projects in mountains?
a) Displacement of people ✅
b) Desertification
c) Salinization
d) Flooding only
Explanation: Hydropower dams displace communities and alter ecosystems.
245. Which environmental issue is caused by climate change in mountains?
a) Glacial retreat ✅
b) Desertification
c) Salinization
d) Flooding only
Explanation: Climate change accelerates glacial melting and retreat.
246. Which environmental issue is caused by landslides in mountains?
a) Loss of life and property ✅
b) Desertification
c) Salinization
d) Flooding only
Explanation: Landslides destroy settlements and infrastructure.
247. Which environmental issue is caused by earthquakes in mountains?
a) Infrastructure damage ✅
b) Desertification
c) Salinization
d) Flooding only
Explanation: Earthquakes damage roads, houses, and dams in mountain regions.
248. Which environmental issue is caused by avalanches in mountains?
a) Loss of life ✅
b) Desertification
c) Salinization
d) Flooding only
Explanation: Avalanches bury settlements and cause fatalities.
249. Which environmental issue is caused by glacial lake outburst floods?
a) Downstream flooding ✅
b) Desertification
c) Salinization
d) Urbanization
Explanation: Glacial lake outburst floods cause severe downstream flooding.
250. Which environmental issue is caused by road construction in mountains?
a) Soil erosion ✅
b) Desertification
c) Salinization
d) Flooding only
Explanation: Road construction destabilizes slopes, leading to soil erosion.
251. Which mountain range forms the Continental Divide in North America?
a) Rockies ✅
b) Andes
c) Alps
d) Himalayas
Explanation: The Rockies form the Continental Divide, separating river systems flowing to different oceans.
252. Which mountain range forms the Great Divide in Australia?
a) Great Dividing Range ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Alps
Explanation: The Great Dividing Range is Australia’s longest mountain chain.
253. Which mountain range separates India from Tibet?
a) Himalayas ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Alps
Explanation: The Himalayas form the natural boundary between India and Tibet.
254. Which mountain range separates Chile from Argentina?
a) Andes ✅
b) Rockies
c) Alps
d) Himalayas
Explanation: The Andes form the boundary between Chile and Argentina.
255. Which mountain range separates France from Italy?
a) Alps ✅
b) Pyrenees
c) Carpathians
d) Apennines
Explanation: The Alps form the natural boundary between France and Italy.
256. Which mountain range separates Afghanistan from Pakistan?
a) Hindu Kush ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Alps
Explanation: The Hindu Kush runs through Afghanistan and Pakistan.
257. Which mountain range separates Mongolia from China?
a) Altai Mountains ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Alps
Explanation: The Altai Mountains lie between Mongolia, Russia, and China.
258. Which mountain range separates Spain from Portugal?
a) Serra da Estrela ✅
b) Pyrenees
c) Alps
d) Carpathians
Explanation: Serra da Estrela is the highest range in Portugal, forming a boundary with Spain.
259. Which mountain range separates Norway from Sweden?
a) Scandinavian Mountains ✅
b) Alps
c) Andes
d) Rockies
Explanation: The Scandinavian Mountains form the boundary between Norway and Sweden.
260. Which mountain range separates Iran from Iraq?
a) Zagros Mountains ✅
b) Alps
c) Andes
d) Rockies
Explanation: The Zagros Mountains form the natural boundary between Iran and Iraq.
261. Which mountain range separates Turkey from Armenia?
a) Pontic Mountains ✅
b) Alps
c) Andes
d) Rockies
Explanation: The Pontic Mountains lie in northern Turkey, near Armenia.
262. Which mountain range separates Nepal from China?
a) Himalayas ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Alps
Explanation: The Himalayas form the boundary between Nepal and China (Tibet).
263. Which mountain range separates Bhutan from Tibet?
a) Himalayas ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Alps
Explanation: The Himalayas form the boundary between Bhutan and Tibet.
264. Which mountain range separates Russia from Georgia?
a) Caucasus ✅
b) Alps
c) Andes
d) Rockies
Explanation: The Caucasus Mountains form the boundary between Russia and Georgia.
265. Which mountain range separates Ethiopia from Eritrea?
a) Ethiopian Highlands ✅
b) Alps
c) Andes
d) Rockies
Explanation: The Ethiopian Highlands form the boundary between Ethiopia and Eritrea.
266. Which mountain range separates Kenya from Uganda?
a) Ruwenzori Mountains ✅
b) Alps
c) Andes
d) Rockies
Explanation: The Ruwenzori Mountains lie between Uganda and Kenya.
267. Which mountain range separates India from Myanmar?
a) Patkai Hills ✅
b) Himalayas
c) Rockies
d) Andes
Explanation: The Patkai Hills form the boundary between India and Myanmar.
268. Which mountain range separates India from Bangladesh?
a) Khasi Hills ✅
b) Himalayas
c) Rockies
d) Andes
Explanation: The Khasi Hills lie in Meghalaya, near the Bangladesh border.
269. Which mountain range separates India from Nepal?
a) Shiwalik Hills ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Alps
Explanation: The Shiwalik Hills form the boundary between India and Nepal.
270. Which mountain range separates India from Sri Lanka?
a) None ✅
b) Himalayas
c) Rockies
d) Andes
Explanation: India and Sri Lanka are separated by the Palk Strait, not mountains.
271. Which mountain range separates China from Mongolia?
a) Altai Mountains ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Alps
Explanation: The Altai Mountains lie between China and Mongolia.
272. Which mountain range separates China from Kazakhstan?
a) Tien Shan ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Alps
Explanation: The Tien Shan range lies between China and Kazakhstan.
273. Which mountain range separates India from Tibet in Arunachal Pradesh?
a) Himalayas ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Alps
Explanation: The Himalayas form the boundary in Arunachal Pradesh.
274. Which mountain range separates India from Pakistan in Jammu & Kashmir?
a) Karakoram ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Alps
Explanation: The Karakoram range lies between India and Pakistan in J&K.
275. Which mountain range separates India from Afghanistan?
a) Hindu Kush ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Alps
Explanation: The Hindu Kush forms the boundary between India (via Pakistan) and Afghanistan.
276. Which mountain range is the highest in the world?
a) Himalayas ✅
b) Andes
c) Rockies
d) Alps
Explanation: The Himalayas contain the world’s tallest peaks including Everest.
277. Which mountain range is the longest in the world?
a) Andes ✅
b) Rockies
c) Alps
d) Himalayas
Explanation: The Andes stretch over 7,000 km along South America.
278. Which mountain range is the oldest in India?
a) Aravalli ✅
b) Himalayas
c) Vindhya
d) Western Ghats
Explanation: The Aravalli range is among the oldest mountain systems in the world.
279. Which mountain range is the youngest in the world?
a) Himalayas ✅
b) Andes
c) Rockies
d) Alps
Explanation: The Himalayas are geologically young and still rising.
280. Which mountain range is known for the Great Smoky Mountains National Park?
a) Appalachians ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Alps
Explanation: The Great Smoky Mountains are part of the Appalachian range.
281. Which mountain range is known for Yellowstone National Park?
a) Rockies ✅
b) Andes
c) Alps
d) Himalayas
Explanation: Yellowstone lies within the Rocky Mountains.
282. Which mountain range is known for Yosemite National Park?
a) Sierra Nevada ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Alps
Explanation: Yosemite lies in California’s Sierra Nevada range.
283. Which mountain range is known for Banff National Park?
a) Rockies ✅
b) Andes
c) Alps
d) Himalayas
Explanation: Banff National Park lies in the Canadian Rockies.
284. Which mountain range is known for Mount Everest?
a) Himalayas ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Alps
Explanation: Everest lies in the Himalayas.
285. Which mountain range is known for K2?
a) Karakoram ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Alps
Explanation: K2 lies in the Karakoram range.
286. Which mountain range is known for Kangchenjunga?
a) Himalayas ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Alps
Explanation: Kangchenjunga lies in the Himalayas.
287. Which mountain range is known for Mont Blanc?
a) Alps ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Himalayas
Explanation: Mont Blanc is the tallest peak in the Alps.
288. Which mountain range is known for Matterhorn?
a) Alps ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Himalayas
Explanation: The Matterhorn is a famous peak in the Alps.
289. Which mountain range is known for Denali?
a) Alaska Range ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Alps
Explanation: Denali lies in the Alaska Range.
290. Which mountain range is known for Aconcagua?
a) Andes ✅
b) Rockies
c) Alps
d) Himalayas
Explanation: Aconcagua is the tallest peak in South America.
291. Which mountain range is known for Mount Elbrus?
a) Caucasus ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Alps
Explanation: Mount Elbrus lies in the Caucasus Mountains.
292. Which mountain range is known for Mount Kilimanjaro?
a) East African Rift ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Alps
Explanation: Kilimanjaro lies in the East African Rift zone.
293. Which mountain range is known for Mount Fuji?
a) Japanese Alps ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Himalayas
Explanation: Mount Fuji lies near the Japanese Alps.
294. Which mountain range is known for Mount Vinson?
a) Ellsworth Mountains ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Alps
Explanation: Mount Vinson lies in Antarctica’s Ellsworth Mountains.
295. Which mountain range is known for Mount Kosciuszko?
a) Great Dividing Range ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Alps
Explanation: Mount Kosciuszko lies in Australia’s Great Dividing Range.
296. Which mountain range is known for Mount Kenya?
a) East African Rift ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Alps
Explanation: Mount Kenya lies in the East African Rift zone.
297. Which mountain range is known for Mount Meru?
a) East African Rift ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Alps
Explanation: Mount Meru lies in Tanzania’s East African Rift.
298. Which mountain range is known for Mount Rainier?
a) Cascade Range ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Alps
Explanation: Mount Rainier lies in the Cascade Range.
299. Which mountain range is known for Mount Hood?
a) Cascade Range ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Alps
Explanation: Mount Hood lies in Oregon’s Cascade Range.
300. Which mountain range is known for Mount Shasta?
a) Cascade Range ✅
b) Rockies
c) Andes
d) Alps
Explanation: Mount Shasta lies in California’s Cascade Range.
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